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1

The culture of Happiness is the talk of Government
Law is the tool, that instrument it has to work with.
Let us first consider the general nature of this production
in the next place the general nature of the instrument

Happiness, the End of Law
The end of Laws is to produce Happiness: This is
what we have supposed. Now Of some, <add>let us hoped it is: of all, it ought to be.</add> To produce Happiness one it
must know were well to see <add>understand clearly</add> what it is — This then must be our first ongoing endeavour.

Great Books wasted written about it in waste.
What is Happiness? a fundamental2 question. Cicero wrote great books upon it: it: this question some of them unhappily by
misfortune we have still.[+] [+] v, G, [2] They still flourish at Oxford and Cambridge They are the at Paris, at Salamanca: the plague of young Academics and the admiration of their Tutors. They will continue so, till at length it be tardi on this occasion as well as along with others, it shall be tardily acknowleged, that Nonsense is but nonsense though in Greek or Latin. Other great books in abundance had have
been made upon it before and since.. him. his fortunately Of them, by good fortune fortunately there is an end. of
them. Fortunately: For he who can write a great book upon Happiness
to know what it is, [1] assuredly will know nothing
of it when he has done. He will be just as much farther of the book is <add>than he was before than he was before as the book is large.</add> He who reading and admires
will know about as much the Book, admires it, will be about
as near.

3

Pleasure what
One knows well enough what Pleasure is, for there have
been no great books written about it that. When they want to Does <add>Would a man</add>

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know what pleasure is? man He consults their senses. sensation and
their senses tell them sensation informs him without deceit.

4

Happiness. what
Shall we then give a meaning to the word Happiness?
I know but one. It is the Sum of a number of Pleasures.
To have had some such notion [+] [+] that is to have had some notion of it to have given some meaning to it, seems to have been the
great crime of Epicurus.

6

Pain what
We know well enough what Pain is — for there have been
no great many books written about that neither, who they does <add>Would a </add>
man want to know what pain is? Let him consult their senses, sensation,
and their senses sensation will inform them him but too plainly.

Note [1]

I would not be mistaken — "to know what it is", is one thing:
to know how it is to be produced producible is another. To know how it
is to be produced producible may well take up a great number multitude of great
books. Whatever is written In the vast ample Sciences of Legislation Jurisprudence of

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Note [1]

of Politics of Ethics of Divinity if written to any purpose Theology (if Theology must be
a science) whatever is written to any purpose amounts to nothing more. that and nothing else. But once more, as to what it is, he who cannot
explain it in what it is in the compass of a line or two will never
explain the matter at all. For thus We shall then be prepared for the enquiry here to set to work the order to produce the other.

5

Unhappiness what.
Of Happiness we can seldom, without at the same time We cannot speak of Happiness without speaking of Unhappiness.
They are opposites. the diminution of one is the To produce one, is to
augmentation of the other. destroy the other. What then is Unhappiness?
Is it It is the sum of a number of pains.

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Pains and Pleasures.
To know what belongs to Happiness is to know what belongs
to Pleasures. To know what belongs to Unhappiness
is to know what belongs to Pains. Let us call bring to
mind then a few considerations relative to Pains and Pleasures,

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about which there can be no dispute.

8

Here insert p. 1 from No 1 to 9 inclusive
I am hungry: bread lies before me: I take and eat.
Pleasure of the Body. — instance Eating
I feel, such as it is, a pleasure. Nobody has yet been so perverse
as to say that this is not a Pleasure. It is perceived By what
parts of me is it perceived? immediately By my tongue, my palate, my Stomack: Organs
of my body. It is a Pleasure of the body [+][+] I do more than expect the Bread I do more than possess it: I actually enjoy it. My The pleasure I have is a pleasure of enjoyment. The Seats or internal instruments are my tongue, my palate, my Stomach: The external instrument is the bread.

NOTE

Our business with the pleasures here is only to class We are here to class the pleasures: we are not to enumerate
them: it is not to enumerate them. That is them. What we have to do therefore is to instance
not necessary for the purpose of Jurisprudence. one species for the character of each class. To enumerate
It belongs rather to Ethics. With particulars the remaining species in each Class is not as
we have nothing further to do here, than to
give one species by way of example for the at present it belongs to Ethics. character of each Class.

NOTE.

It were easy to do through regularly in the same make a regular progress
through the whole circle of the bodily pleasures the pleasures that belong to every one of the 5 senses
that is the pleasures that have the organs of those
several senses for their internal instruments of
enjoyment. But one such example as we have given
is sufficient. It is manifest that what we have
observed here taken notice of with respect to this holds good equally
with respect to all the rest. Here insert Inserenda p. 3. No 1. 2

INTROD. CH. II. Happiness and Unhappiness. their ingre- [I] dients transcribed Waste.

Identifier: | JB/070/045/001"JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 70.
Date_1		Marginal Summary Numbering	1-8
Box	070	Main Headings	of laws in general
Folio number	045	Info in main headings field	introd. ch. ii happiness and unhappiness - their ingredients
Image	001	Titles	note
Category	copy/fair copy sheet	Number of Pages	1
Recto/Verso	recto	Page Numbering	a1
Penner		Watermarks	[[watermarks::gr [crown motif] [britannia with shield motif]]]
Marginals		Paper Producer
Corrections	jeremy bentham	Paper Produced in Year
Notes public	[[notes_public::"transcribed waste" [note in bentham's hand]]]	ID Number	23160
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