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<p><gap/> Nov<hi rend="superscript">r</hi> 1803<lb/> | |||
<head>Marg.Contents</head> | <head>Marg. Contents</head></p> | ||
Circumstantial in general <lb/> | <p><head>Circumstantial in general</head></p> | ||
<p>1<lb/> | |||
Explanation of the <lb/> | Explanation of the <lb/> | ||
table. Titles of the | table. Titles of the columns from <lb/> | ||
the points to be | the points to be attended <lb/> | ||
to on occasion <lb/> | |||
of the several <lb/> | |||
modifications of | modifications of circumstantial evidence. <lb/> | ||
1. Evidentiary fact<lb/> | |||
2. Fact evidenced<lb/> | |||
3. Cases of failure<lb/> | |||
p.8</p> | |||
<p>2.<lb/> | |||
All modifications<lb/> | |||
of circumstantial<lb/> | |||
evidence are comprized<lb/> | |||
under the first two heads.<lb/> | |||
1. Affirmative<lb/> | |||
evidence – physical<lb/> | |||
& psychological. p.8</p> | |||
<p>3. | |||
So likewise under<lb/> | |||
the 3<hi rend="superscript">d</hi> and f<hi rend="superscript">th</hi> which<lb/> | |||
are nothing more<lb/> | |||
than circumstantial<lb/> | |||
evidence brought<lb/> | |||
forward in disaffirmance<lb/> | |||
of the fact <lb/> | |||
evidenced on the<lb/> | |||
other side. p.8.</p> | |||
<p>4.<lb/> | |||
In the several<lb/> | |||
more particular<lb/> | |||
cases subjoined, the<lb/> | |||
facts immediately<lb/> | |||
instanced are in<lb/> | |||
every instance of<lb/> | |||
the psychological<lb/> | |||
class, although they<lb/> | |||
may themselves serve<lb/> | |||
as evidentiary of<lb/> | |||
physical facts. p.9</p> | |||
<p>5.<lb/> | |||
In all cases the<lb/> | |||
facts immediately <lb/> | |||
evidentiary – immediately<lb/> | |||
present to<lb/> | |||
the senses of the<lb/> | |||
Judge or the reporting<lb/> | |||
witness,<lb/> | |||
can be no other<lb/> | |||
than physical facts –<lb/> | |||
(such as deportment<lb/> | |||
gesture &c) from<lb/> | |||
whence the psychological<lb/> | |||
facts<lb/> | |||
are <hi rend="underline">inferred.</hi><lb/> | |||
p 10</p> | |||
<pb/> | |||
<p><head>Circumstantial in general</head></p> | |||
<p>6<lb/> | |||
In all cases of circumstantial<lb/> | |||
evidence<lb/> | |||
there is therefore<lb/> | |||
a chain of facts<lb/> | |||
more or less long<lb/> | |||
brought to view in<lb/> | |||
the Judge's mind.<lb/> | |||
p. 10</p> | |||
<p>7<lb/> | |||
In speaking on<lb/> | |||
this occasion of<lb/> | |||
supposed physical<lb/> | |||
facts, the term <hi rend="underline">impossibility</hi><lb/> | |||
is frequently<lb/> | |||
employed,<lb/> | |||
as well as improbability,<lb/> | |||
or in preference<lb/> | |||
to it <hi rend="underline">improbability</hi><lb/> | |||
only, in<lb/> | |||
speaking thus of<lb/> | |||
supposed psychological<lb/> | |||
facts. p. 11</p> | |||
<p>8<lb/> | |||
Impossibility not:<lb/> | |||
why?<lb/> | |||
1. The operations<lb/> | |||
of the mental world<lb/> | |||
are less regular<lb/> | |||
than those of the<lb/> | |||
physical.<lb/> | |||
2. They are less<lb/> | |||
open to observation,<lb/> | |||
less capable of being<lb/> | |||
accurately comprehended.<lb/> | |||
p. 11</p> | |||
<p>9<lb/> | |||
Alligation of impossibility<lb/> | |||
is in the<lb/> | |||
case of a psyschological<lb/> | |||
fact tantamount<lb/> | |||
to alligation<lb/> | |||
of <hi rend="underline">necessity</hi> &<lb/> | |||
negation of <hi rend="underline">free will</hi>.<lb/> | |||
p. 12</p> | |||
<pb/> | |||
<p><head>Circumstantial in general</head></p><p>1<lb/> | |||
Circumstantial evidence<lb/> | |||
will not in<lb/> | |||
general be so persuasive<lb/> | |||
as direct<lb/> | |||
p. 12</p> | |||
<p>2.<lb/> | |||
But in some cases<lb/> | |||
it may be more so –<lb/> | |||
1. Circumstantial<lb/> | |||
evidence in case of<lb/> | |||
mendacity is not so<lb/> | |||
apt to be concerted<lb/> | |||
as direct evidence.<lb/> | |||
p. 12</p> | |||
<p>3.<lb/> | |||
2. By including a<lb/> | |||
lot of circumstantial<lb/> | |||
evidence, a<lb/> | |||
mass of evidence,<lb/> | |||
if mendacious, is<lb/> | |||
more exposed to be<lb/> | |||
disproved: the more<lb/> | |||
distant false facts,<lb/> | |||
the more they are<lb/> | |||
exposed to be disproved<lb/> | |||
by true ones.<lb/> | |||
p.12.</p> | |||
<p>4.<lb/> | |||
To direct evidence<lb/> | |||
the witnesses are<lb/> | |||
most apt to belong<lb/> | |||
to suspected class<lb/> | |||
suspected in respect<lb/> | |||
of self regarding<lb/> | |||
interest or sympathy.<lb/> | |||
A mass of evidence<lb/> | |||
in which circumstantial<lb/> | |||
evidence<lb/> | |||
is included, will<lb/> | |||
frequently include<lb/> | |||
evidence altogether<lb/> | |||
clear of suspicion.<lb/> | |||
p. 13</p> | |||
<p>5.<lb/> | |||
Conclusion. Circumstantial<lb/> | |||
evidence<lb/> | |||
is <hi rend="underline">per se</hi> inferior to<lb/> | |||
direct, <del>p</del> but liable<lb/> | |||
to be superior <hi rend="underline">per<lb/> | |||
accident</hi>. p. 14</p> | |||
<!-- DO NOT EDIT BELOW THIS LINE --> | <!-- DO NOT EDIT BELOW THIS LINE --> | ||
{{Metadata:{{PAGENAME}}}} | {{Metadata:{{PAGENAME}}}}{{Completed}} |
Novr 1803
Marg. Contents
Circumstantial in general
1
Explanation of the
table. Titles of the columns from
the points to be attended
to on occasion
of the several
modifications of circumstantial evidence.
1. Evidentiary fact
2. Fact evidenced
3. Cases of failure
p.8
2.
All modifications
of circumstantial
evidence are comprized
under the first two heads.
1. Affirmative
evidence – physical
& psychological. p.8
3.
So likewise under
the 3d and fth which
are nothing more
than circumstantial
evidence brought
forward in disaffirmance
of the fact
evidenced on the
other side. p.8.
4.
In the several
more particular
cases subjoined, the
facts immediately
instanced are in
every instance of
the psychological
class, although they
may themselves serve
as evidentiary of
physical facts. p.9
5.
In all cases the
facts immediately
evidentiary – immediately
present to
the senses of the
Judge or the reporting
witness,
can be no other
than physical facts –
(such as deportment
gesture &c) from
whence the psychological
facts
are inferred.
p 10
---page break---
Circumstantial in general
6
In all cases of circumstantial
evidence
there is therefore
a chain of facts
more or less long
brought to view in
the Judge's mind.
p. 10
7
In speaking on
this occasion of
supposed physical
facts, the term impossibility
is frequently
employed,
as well as improbability,
or in preference
to it improbability
only, in
speaking thus of
supposed psychological
facts. p. 11
8
Impossibility not:
why?
1. The operations
of the mental world
are less regular
than those of the
physical.
2. They are less
open to observation,
less capable of being
accurately comprehended.
p. 11
9
Alligation of impossibility
is in the
case of a psyschological
fact tantamount
to alligation
of necessity &
negation of free will.
p. 12
---page break---
Circumstantial in general
1
Circumstantial evidence
will not in
general be so persuasive
as direct
p. 12
2.
But in some cases
it may be more so –
1. Circumstantial
evidence in case of
mendacity is not so
apt to be concerted
as direct evidence.
p. 12
3.
2. By including a
lot of circumstantial
evidence, a
mass of evidence,
if mendacious, is
more exposed to be
disproved: the more
distant false facts,
the more they are
exposed to be disproved
by true ones.
p.12.
4.
To direct evidence
the witnesses are
most apt to belong
to suspected class
suspected in respect
of self regarding
interest or sympathy.
A mass of evidence
in which circumstantial
evidence
is included, will
frequently include
evidence altogether
clear of suspicion.
p. 13
5.
Conclusion. Circumstantial
evidence
is per se inferior to
direct, p but liable
to be superior per
accident. p. 14
Identifier: | JB/047/016/001"JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 47. |
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---|---|---|---|
1803-11 |
1-9, 1-4 |
||
047 |
evidence |
||
016 |
<…>tial marg. contents |
||
001 |
circumstantial in general |
||
marginal summary sheet |
1 |
||
recto |
<…> |
||
john herbert koe |
180<…> |
||
14884 |
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