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<p>1823. March 18</p> | |||
<p>20. V. <del>Expence</del> <add>Expence: namely Expence</add> of government. By <hi rend="underline">expence</hi> is here<lb/> | |||
meant evil, in <del>all shapes</del> <add>whatever shape, and for whatever purpose</add> caused by government. <del><add>from the</add> as a<lb/> | |||
purpose</del> Sole purpose consistent with the maximization of national felicity<lb/> | |||
<del>means of</del> excluding greater evil, or producing more than<lb/> | |||
equivalent good.</p> | |||
<p>21. Evil <del>introduced</del> <add>produced</add> as the <add>direct</add> cause of the good endeavoured<lb/> | |||
to be produced is <hi rend="underline">punishment</hi>.</p> | |||
<p>22. Evil produced as a collateral <add>and unavoidable</add> result of the<lb/> | |||
means employed for the production of <del>greater</del> <add>more than equivalent</add> good is <hi rend="underline">hardship</hi>.</p> | |||
<p>23. The expence of government is either pecuniary<lb/> | |||
or <del>miscellaneous</del> <add>non-pecuniary.</add></p> | |||
<p>24. Of the <del>miscellaneous</del> <add>non-pecuniary</add> expence of government, the principal<lb/> | |||
shapes are <del><gap/> hardship at large and</del><lb/> | |||
forced personal service and hardship at large.</p> | |||
<p>25. Whether for the purpose of reward, or for whatever other<lb/> | |||
purpose, good is not producible by government but through<lb/> | |||
the medium of evil as above. No government without coercion:<lb/> | |||
<del>all</del> coercion is in itself an evil.</p> | |||
<p>26. Hence Factitious <del>power</del> in so far as the good <del><gap/> <gap/></del> <add>produced remains <gap/></add>, the universal<lb/> | |||
<del>26. Reward therefore requires to be minimised as well</del><lb/> | |||
Evil requires that factitious reward be minimized, as well<lb/> | |||
as factitious punishment.</p> | |||
<p><del>27. VI. <hi rend="underline">Official Aptitude.</hi></del> Of <add>this</add> Official aptitude<lb/> | |||
<del>there are</del> three branches <add>are distinguishable:</add> – 1 Appropriate moral aptitude:<lb/> | |||
2. Appropriate intellectual aptitude: 3. Appropriate<lb/> | |||
active aptitude.</p> | |||
<p>28. Of appropriate intellective aptitude there are<lb/> | |||
<add><del>again</del></add> two branches: 1 appropriate knowledge: 2. appropriate<lb/> | |||
judgment.</p> | |||
<p>29. <add>By</add> Appropriate moral aptitude is meant – disposition to<lb/> | |||
contribute <del>in all things</del> <add>on all occasions, and in all ways,</add> to the greatest happiness of the greatest number.</p> | |||
<p>30. If appropriate moral aptitude be deficient, <add>the consequence is – that</add> by abundance<lb/> | |||
of appropriate aptitude in those other shapes, the aggregate of appropriate<lb/> | |||
aptitude <del>may</del> <add>will naturally</add> be <del><gap/></del><lb/> | |||
diminished <del>instead of</del> <add>and not</add><lb/> | |||
encreased. If hostile to<lb/> | |||
the interests of the greatest<lb/> | |||
number, the more able the<lb/> | |||
functionary, the more mischievous.</p> | |||
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{{Metadata:{{PAGENAME}}}} | {{Metadata:{{PAGENAME}}}}{{Completed}} | ||
1823. March 18
20. V. Expence Expence: namely Expence of government. By expence is here
meant evil, in all shapes whatever shape, and for whatever purpose caused by government. from the as a
purpose Sole purpose consistent with the maximization of national felicity
means of excluding greater evil, or producing more than
equivalent good.
21. Evil introduced produced as the direct cause of the good endeavoured
to be produced is punishment.
22. Evil produced as a collateral and unavoidable result of the
means employed for the production of greater more than equivalent good is hardship.
23. The expence of government is either pecuniary
or miscellaneous non-pecuniary.
24. Of the miscellaneous non-pecuniary expence of government, the principal
shapes are hardship at large and
forced personal service and hardship at large.
25. Whether for the purpose of reward, or for whatever other
purpose, good is not producible by government but through
the medium of evil as above. No government without coercion:
all coercion is in itself an evil.
26. Hence Factitious power in so far as the good produced remains , the universal
26. Reward therefore requires to be minimised as well
Evil requires that factitious reward be minimized, as well
as factitious punishment.
27. VI. Official Aptitude. Of this Official aptitude
there are three branches are distinguishable: – 1 Appropriate moral aptitude:
2. Appropriate intellectual aptitude: 3. Appropriate
active aptitude.
28. Of appropriate intellective aptitude there are
again two branches: 1 appropriate knowledge: 2. appropriate
judgment.
29. By Appropriate moral aptitude is meant – disposition to
contribute in all things on all occasions, and in all ways, to the greatest happiness of the greatest number.
30. If appropriate moral aptitude be deficient, the consequence is – that by abundance
of appropriate aptitude in those other shapes, the aggregate of appropriate
aptitude may will naturally be
diminished instead of and not
encreased. If hostile to
the interests of the greatest
number, the more able the
functionary, the more mischievous.
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Identifier: | JB/044/056/002"JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 44. |
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1824-10-10 |
8 |
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044 |
constitutional code |
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056 |
constitutional code us |
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002 |
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text sheet |
1 |
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recto |
a43 / d27 |
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jeremy bentham |
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13841 |
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