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<p>Written Aº 177 ? 1809 Marginal – contented<lb/> | |||
<head>Wrongful Defamation.</head></p> | |||
<p><head>§. 3. Punishment.</head></p> | |||
<p>1.<lb/> | |||
1. As for simple Falsehood<lb/> | |||
(Se d<hi rend="superscript">o</hi>): at option<lb/> | |||
more or less public at<lb/> | |||
discretion.<lb/> | |||
2. Self humiliation<lb/> | |||
(or <del>pardon betting</del>) at<lb/> | |||
option: mode & degree<lb/> | |||
of self-humiliation &<lb/> | |||
publicity at discretion. | |||
3. Reprimand at option<lb/> | |||
or form & degree of publicity<lb/> | |||
at discretion.<lb/> | |||
4. Fine at option &<lb/> | |||
discretion. p.14</p> | |||
<p>Power to remitt punishment,<lb/> | |||
Costs <add>on both sides</add> at option<lb/> | |||
and discretion. p.15.</p> | |||
<p>2.<lb/> | |||
Exposition.<lb/> | |||
Enormity of the offence,<lb/> | |||
how measured,<lb/> | |||
circumstances to be taken<lb/> | |||
into account in the estimation<lb/> | |||
of it.<lb/> | |||
1. Dimensions of <del>General</del><lb/> | |||
damage, if general as<lb/> | |||
above.<lb/> | |||
2. If special relative<lb/> | |||
importance of the good<lb/> | |||
opinion & good will.<lb/> | |||
3. Opportunity of defence<lb/> | |||
more or less favourable.<lb/> | |||
☞ Quere others.</p> | |||
<pb/> | |||
<p><head>§. 4. Aggravations – with<lb/> | |||
correspondent Extra Punishm<hi rend="superscript">ts</hi>.</head></p> | |||
<p>1.<lb/> | |||
<add>Aggrav<hi rend="superscript">n</hi></add> I. <hi rend="underline">Intention</hi> of Special<lb/> | |||
damage. p.16.</p> | |||
<p>2.<lb/> | |||
Extra-punishment in<lb/> | |||
failure of adequate satisfaction,<lb/> | |||
retaliation of the<lb/> | |||
damage. p.16.</p> | |||
<p>3<lb/> | |||
Exposition.<lb/> | |||
(a) (<hi rend="underline">Special Damage</hi>) see<lb/> | |||
above (<hi rend="underline">Reputation</hi>) Art. p.16.</p> | |||
<p>4.<lb/> | |||
(b) (<hi rend="underline">Retaliation</hi>) suffering<lb/> | |||
same as produced or<lb/> | |||
endeavoured to be produced.<lb/> | |||
See <hi rend="underline">Irrespble: corporal<lb/> | |||
Injuries</hi>, and <hi rend="underline">Unlawful<lb/> | |||
Confinement</hi>, voce <hi rend="underline">Retaliation</hi>.<lb/> | |||
☞ NB In this case<lb/> | |||
the defamation is an<lb/> | |||
indirect mode of producing<lb/> | |||
the injury. p.16.</p> | |||
<p>5<lb/> | |||
<add>Aggrav<hi rend="superscript">n</hi></add> II. Artifice.<lb/> | |||
Exposition. Example.<lb/> | |||
1. Friendship professed<lb/> | |||
2. Forgery in relation to<lb/> | |||
real evidence, to make the<lb/> | |||
imputation appear true. p.16.</p> | |||
<p>6<lb/> | |||
Aggravation III.<lb/> | |||
Confederacy, combination,<lb/> | |||
conspiracy, or multitude of | |||
Co-offenders.<lb/> | |||
Extra-punishment<lb/> | |||
characteristic penance.<lb/> | |||
<add>viz</add> Conspirators Yoke, at option<lb/> | |||
and discretion. p.17.</p> | |||
<p>7.<lb/> | |||
Aggravations. IV.<lb/> | |||
Superiority of party injured<lb/> | |||
(in natural domestic<lb/> | |||
relationship.) (See<lb/> | |||
simp: Corp: Injuries.) p.17.</p> | |||
<pb/> | |||
<p><head>§. 5. Extenuations: with<lb/> | |||
correspondent Infrà Punishment</head></p> | |||
<p>1<lb/> | |||
V. Extenuations.<lb/> | |||
1. Intention innocent and<lb/> | |||
pure of blame grounds<lb/> | |||
of belief probable. p.17.</p> | |||
<p>2.<lb/> | |||
Abatement or Infra<lb/> | |||
punishment.<lb/> | |||
1. <hi rend="underline">Pardon begging</hi> as above<lb/> | |||
nothing more.<lb/> | |||
2. Costs on each side at<lb/> | |||
discretion. p.17.</p> | |||
<p>3<lb/> | |||
Exposition<lb/> | |||
<hi rend="underline">Probability</hi> of the <hi rend="underline">ground</hi>,<lb/> | |||
how measured.<lb/> | |||
1. Defamer the first author,<lb/> | |||
probability of the imputation. p.17.</p> | |||
<p>4<lb/> | |||
2. Defamer a reporter,<lb/> | |||
1. probability as above.<lb/> | |||
2. trustworthiness of the<lb/> | |||
next preceding relator. p.18.</p> | |||
<p>5<lb/> | |||
2. The Force of this extenuation<lb/> | |||
<add>is inversely</add> reversely as<lb/> | |||
the confidence of the<lb/> | |||
averment. p.18.</p> | |||
<p>6<lb/> | |||
3. The Propagator of a<lb/> | |||
Report is primâ facie<lb/> | |||
to be presumed the<lb/> | |||
author. p.18.</p> | |||
<p>7.<lb/> | |||
4. A reporter is the author<lb/> | |||
in respect of every<lb/> | |||
material addition, omission,<lb/> | |||
and substitution. p.18.</p> | |||
<p>8.<lb/> | |||
5. So, as to an addition<lb/> | |||
to the <hi rend="underline">intensity</hi> of averment. p.18.</p> | |||
<p>9.<lb/> | |||
II. Intention benevolent<lb/> | |||
1. as to party defamed<lb/> | |||
2. as to any other. p.19.</p> | |||
<p>10.<lb/> | |||
Exposition<lb/> | |||
(party defamed) – Examples<lb/> | |||
1. for reproof & reformation</p> | |||
<p>11<lb/> | |||
(<hi rend="underline">Other person</hi>) Example to<lb/> | |||
put him on his guard from<lb/> | |||
injury from the party<lb/> | |||
defamed. p.19.</p> | |||
<pb/> | |||
<p><head>§. 5. Extenuations: with<lb/> | |||
correspondent Infrà Punishment</head></p> | |||
<p>12<lb/> | |||
Abatement or Infra<lb/> | |||
punishment as for Intention<lb/> | |||
innocent.</p> | |||
<p>13.<lb/> | |||
III. Intention innocent<lb/> | |||
but accompanied with<lb/> | |||
temerity.</p> | |||
<p>13(a)<lb/> | |||
Temerity the distinction<lb/> | |||
between that and<lb/> | |||
inculpative consciousness<lb/> | |||
runs throughout<lb/> | |||
all offences. Reasons<lb/> | |||
for it.</p> | |||
<p>14<lb/> | |||
Abatement of infra<lb/> | |||
at option and discretion.</p> | |||
<p>15<lb/> | |||
IV. Intoxication. V. Compulsion,<lb/> | |||
VI. Deference<lb/> | |||
to authority. VII. Provocation.<lb/> | |||
See (Simple<lb/> | |||
corp: Injuries.)</p> | |||
<!-- DO NOT EDIT BELOW THIS LINE --> | <!-- DO NOT EDIT BELOW THIS LINE --> | ||
{{Metadata:{{PAGENAME}}}}{{ | {{Metadata:{{PAGENAME}}}}{{Completed}} | ||
Written Aº 177 ? 1809 Marginal – contented
Wrongful Defamation.
§. 3. Punishment.
1.
1. As for simple Falsehood
(Se do): at option
more or less public at
discretion.
2. Self humiliation
(or pardon betting) at
option: mode & degree
of self-humiliation &
publicity at discretion.
3. Reprimand at option
or form & degree of publicity
at discretion.
4. Fine at option &
discretion. p.14
Power to remitt punishment,
Costs on both sides at option
and discretion. p.15.
2.
Exposition.
Enormity of the offence,
how measured,
circumstances to be taken
into account in the estimation
of it.
1. Dimensions of General
damage, if general as
above.
2. If special relative
importance of the good
opinion & good will.
3. Opportunity of defence
more or less favourable.
☞ Quere others.
---page break---
§. 4. Aggravations – with
correspondent Extra Punishmts.
1.
Aggravn I. Intention of Special
damage. p.16.
2.
Extra-punishment in
failure of adequate satisfaction,
retaliation of the
damage. p.16.
3
Exposition.
(a) (Special Damage) see
above (Reputation) Art. p.16.
4.
(b) (Retaliation) suffering
same as produced or
endeavoured to be produced.
See Irrespble: corporal
Injuries, and Unlawful
Confinement, voce Retaliation.
☞ NB In this case
the defamation is an
indirect mode of producing
the injury. p.16.
5
Aggravn II. Artifice.
Exposition. Example.
1. Friendship professed
2. Forgery in relation to
real evidence, to make the
imputation appear true. p.16.
6
Aggravation III.
Confederacy, combination,
conspiracy, or multitude of
Co-offenders.
Extra-punishment
characteristic penance.
viz Conspirators Yoke, at option
and discretion. p.17.
7.
Aggravations. IV.
Superiority of party injured
(in natural domestic
relationship.) (See
simp: Corp: Injuries.) p.17.
---page break---
§. 5. Extenuations: with
correspondent Infrà Punishment
1
V. Extenuations.
1. Intention innocent and
pure of blame grounds
of belief probable. p.17.
2.
Abatement or Infra
punishment.
1. Pardon begging as above
nothing more.
2. Costs on each side at
discretion. p.17.
3
Exposition
Probability of the ground,
how measured.
1. Defamer the first author,
probability of the imputation. p.17.
4
2. Defamer a reporter,
1. probability as above.
2. trustworthiness of the
next preceding relator. p.18.
5
2. The Force of this extenuation
is inversely reversely as
the confidence of the
averment. p.18.
6
3. The Propagator of a
Report is primâ facie
to be presumed the
author. p.18.
7.
4. A reporter is the author
in respect of every
material addition, omission,
and substitution. p.18.
8.
5. So, as to an addition
to the intensity of averment. p.18.
9.
II. Intention benevolent
1. as to party defamed
2. as to any other. p.19.
10.
Exposition
(party defamed) – Examples
1. for reproof & reformation
11
(Other person) Example to
put him on his guard from
injury from the party
defamed. p.19.
---page break---
§. 5. Extenuations: with
correspondent Infrà Punishment
12
Abatement or Infra
punishment as for Intention
innocent.
13.
III. Intention innocent
but accompanied with
temerity.
13(a)
Temerity the distinction
between that and
inculpative consciousness
runs throughout
all offences. Reasons
for it.
14
Abatement of infra
at option and discretion.
15
IV. Intoxication. V. Compulsion,
VI. Deference
to authority. VII. Provocation.
See (Simple
corp: Injuries.)
|
Identifier: | JB/064/118/001"JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 64. |
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|---|---|---|---|
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1809 |
1-2, 1-6, 1-15 |
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064 |
Penal Code |
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118 |
Wrongful Defamation |
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|
001 |
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Marginal summary sheet |
1 |
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|
recto |
D3 |
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[[notes_public::"Written Ao 177[ ] ? 1809 Marginal-contented" [note in Bentham's hand]]] |
20472 |
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