JB/039/230/001

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1826. Septr. 30
Constitutional Code. Ch. IX. §. 17. Supplement

Objection 6.
Aptitude is an Effective
Cause, form of Governmt.

The answer is but too manifest. The circumstances
by which the most intensely and exhaustively mischievous and
inordinately vitious class stands distinguished from the
class below it is the compound of the matter of wealth
power and factitious dignity with which the one are distinguished
decorated and lauded and of which those inferior on the scale
of mischievousness and vitiousness are altogether destitute.

To England this the observation applies with a more
particular degree of truth: in particular as far as regards effective justice of the matter of property which is the most generally extensively diffused in no other country does the
respect generally paid degree of estimation in which a man is held depend
much upon his attitude on the scale of opulence, nowhere
so little upon his attitude on the scale of virtue
in every shape – that is to say self-regarding prudence extra-regarding
prudence – effective benevolence, negative and positive,
no other country is a man so much condemned for being so much ashamed of being poor and
so much Of this diff respected for being so proud of being, rich:
no other country in which rich and respectable are regarded
as so near to being terms interconvertible and synonymous.

Of this state of things would you know the cause?
Look again to the form of government: – aristocracy-ridden
Monarchy. In France⊞ ⊞ take the seat of pure
Monarchy, and which
will soon be again so
after the slight confusion
of aristocracy and democracy
has evaporated, where instruction and urbanity of manners are
on a footing of equality, the man who has a bare subsistence
sits down with the man whose income is most ample
and by the degree of respect paid to them scarcely could
any observation serve you f enable you to determine any conjecture of which of them most favoured by the gifts
of fortune: with as much indifference and and with as much the poor man will speak of his poverty
as the rich man of his wealth.

Look to the United States – social intercourse in this
respect the same. Whence all this? still from the form of government.
In the pure Monarchy
all are equal under the
Monarch: in the pure
democracy all are
equal without a Monarch; in the Aristocracy-ridden
Monarchy alone are to be seen the two classes: one that of the oppressors, the other that of the oppressed. That which renders the distinction and interest
the⊞1
⊞1 the less striking is that between the
one and the other there is no fixt
determinate law of demarcation; no gulph
fixt: nothing to render those a man of the one class⊞2
⊞2 from passing into the other.
Would you see the broad line and⊞3
⊞3 this wide gulph? Look
to Ireland, there you may see⊞4
4⊞ power by the hand of Religion,
the broad line: drawn by the hand of Religion.

or 3
Art. or 3. England
the country in which
respect keeps most is
most in proportion with
those external extrinsic, least with
those intrinsic causes:
most dependent upon
attitude on the conjunct
scale of those qualities,
least in do on the scale
of virtue, in its several
modifications of self-regarding
prudence, extra-regarding
prudence, effective
benevolence, negative
and positive. "Rich and
"respectability terms under almost
nearly interconvertible
and synonymous.

or 4
Art. – 4. Cause of this
cause, form of government:
aristocracy-ridden Monarchy.
In France,⊞
⊞ Monarchy nearly pure: till of late compleatly; again so, where the slight of remaining, an influsion of aristocracy and democracy has evaporated, , aristocracy equal the least and the most furnished with those extrinsic recommendations:
with equal indifference unreserve the comparatively unopulent speaks of his unopulence the comparatively opulent of his opulence.

Art. or 5. So in the 3. Wealth less unequally
distributed; power none permanent; factitious dignity, none.

Art. or 6. Comparatively equal are all, in the pure Monarchy under, in the pure democracy without, a Monarch.

Art. or 7. In England Under the aristocracy-ridden Monarchy, classes two – oppressors and oppressed: in England, they run one into another, as heat and cold, light and darkness; strength
and weakness. For a clear line
of separation, see in Ireland
the most determinate
and broadest drawn by Religion
between Catholic and
Protestant, a great gulph
fixt.

Identifier: | JB/039/230/001"JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 39.
Date_1	1826-09-30	Marginal Summary Numbering	or 3 - or 4
Box	039	Main Headings	constitutional code
Folio number	230	Info in main headings field	const. code ch. ix supplement
Image	001	Titles
Category	text sheet	Number of Pages	1
Recto/Verso	recto	Page Numbering	e2
Penner	jeremy bentham	Watermarks
Marginals	jeremy bentham	Paper Producer
Corrections		Paper Produced in Year
Notes public		ID Number	12237
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