JB/106/039/004

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No 5

Detach a Barrel,
it will float, &
may thus be dragged
on a sloping stage
to the entrance of
the Conservatory.

For The Receivers for
the temperature preserving
Machines
apply to the Glassmen
who make the
Confectioners Glasses,
and the Musical
Glasses, which are
made in sts,
and probably with
great accuracy as to
the forms & sizes.

Per S.B Currants
are kept in Russia
in Water - The
Water serves at any
rate to exclude the
Air, and the temperature,
it must be
supposed, is low enough
to be a bar to
fermentation.

The Water serves
as a bar to great &
sudden changes of temperature.

(No 3 in this Machine
shall be as great as of
No 5 in Machine I

Or rather double the
thickness of the temperature -
fence only
the thickness of the
Ice remaining the
same as in Mach II.

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The Hot Conservatory
business would
in most instances
be best managed
by a Balneum -
The temperature
might in this way
be more easily re-
exactly and speedily
indicated, and thence
as well as in other
increments more
exactly regulated.

By means of
a common Stock
Reservoir of water
kept constantly boiling,
any number
of vessels might
be kept near one
another in so many different
degrees of temperature.

So likewise the
Cold Conservatory.
The temperature
of water being much
steadier much less
speed liable to sudden
variation than
that of air - See
Kirwan. 30-38.

Lake of Geneva

Observation by Saussure

{Air-----810

{Water at the Surface 62

{Water at 87 foot depth 55

By Rayment at Marseilles eg July 1765

Sea next the land 74

Middle of the Bay 72

Entrance

Kirw. 34.

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Marseilles in Winter
Sea never lower than 44o}
Earth in towns 14o}
Kirw.35.

The water in the
Balneum (Cold) should
be capable of being
agitated, to keep the
temperature steady,
by mixing the parts
changed with the parts
unchanged:

The difference in
gravity between warm
& cold water makes
a gradual mixture,
but a storm expidites
it. Kirw. 35.

In the Paris Observatoryal
90 feet below the pavemt,
The temperature
is at 53o,5

Varies in the coldest}
years no more than } 15.
1/2 a degree ---}
Kirw.32.

Temperature of
Water steadier than
that of earth Kirw.
30,35.

- an of earth steadier
than that of air. ib.30

—

Cavern near Reutling
in Suabia

External Air. 66

Air of the Cavern 48

Water in the Cavern 42
Kirw.33.

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When water (hot
or cold) is let into
the Balneum in
order to regulate the
temperature, by
making up for any
unintended change
produced in it, it
should be let in
in drops rather
than in a mass:
ex.g. by spouting through & rose
over under the cock, or
by dropping through
a Cullender &c.

Chapt.III 395: "Moisture
is an indispensible
requisite to facilitate
putrefaction; and any substance
may be defended
from this change by compleatly
drying it. This
was performed by Villars
& Cazelet of Bordeaux,
by means of stoves. The
meat thus prepared was
preserved for several years
without having contracted
any bad flavour."The Sands
Chaptal III 274.
"The content of Air is
the 2d necessary cause,
in the putrefaction of
vegetables. It is reported
in the Ephemerides
of the Curious in Natural
Phenomena
for 1787" (1687?)
"that ripe Cherries
were preserved for 40
years by inclosing
them in a vessel well
luted, and placed at
the bottom of a Well."
Ib.275. A certain degree
of heat likewise
necessary. The heat between
5 & 10 degrees"
(43 1/4 & 54 1/2 Fahrt
"is sufficient to cause
decomposition. A greater hea

t
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Nich. Dict. Putrefaction
II734

"Boyle relates that he
has preserved lemons,
Oranges, and other fruits
from putrefaction, or
other fermentation,
during several years
by including them in
an exhausted Receiver."
Macbride found putrefaction
accelerated in
one instance, prevented
in another by exhaustion
(.ibid). He attributes
the difference to the a
difference in the degree
of exhaustion. Is it
not rather to be attributed
to a difference
in the temperature,
which is not here noted?

Ma of this sort from
Teneriffe in Trinity College
Library; Cambridge.

Sands and light porous
Earths preserve the bodies
of men only by virtue of
the property of exhausting
their juices, and drying
the solids. From this way
it is that entire Caravans
have been discovered in
Arabia, consisting of men
& camels, perfectly preserved
in the Sands under which
the impetuous winds
have buried them. ibid.

"heat dissipates the humidity,
dries the vegetable,
and preserves it
from putrefaction. Too
little heat retards or
suspends it.

Nicholson's Dicty Putrefactn
"Every animal substance
exposed to the air at a
temperature above ten
degrees of Reaumur"
(Fahrt 54 1/2)" and moistened
with its own serous
humour, putrefies-
Word for word from chaptal
III, 400.

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Identifier: | JB/106/039/004"JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 106.
Date_1	1798-09-24	Marginal Summary Numbering
Box	106	Main Headings	frigidarium
Folio number	039	Info in main headings field	preservation by temperature cold conservation no 5 tepidarium
Image	004	Titles
Category	plan	Number of Pages	2
Recto/Verso	recto	Page Numbering
Penner	jeremy bentham	Watermarks	i taylor
Marginals		Paper Producer	evan nepean
Corrections		Paper Produced in Year
Notes public	includes a pinned-on column	ID Number	34627
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