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<head><gap/> Property compared <hi rend="underline">intuit panae</hi> Offences against Property. Diffs. Off:<hi rend="superscript">s</hi> ag.<hi rend="superscript">st</hi> Property compared<lb/> | |||
<hi rend="underline">intuitu</hi> ad <hi rend="underline">panan</hi></head> | |||
<p>13</p> | |||
<p>Circumstances favourable <lb/> | |||
to the <lb/> | |||
formation of the <lb/> | |||
several enterprises <lb/> | |||
against property</p> | |||
1. Physical facility <lb/> | |||
<del>CIrcumstances non</del> <lb/> | |||
<p>2. difficulty <lb/> | |||
of detection 3 . small <lb/> | |||
danger of arrest 4 . <lb/> | |||
small danger of suffering <lb/> | |||
by defence</p> | |||
<p>2<del>3</del>4</p> | |||
<p>Circumstances <lb/> | |||
<add>accusalilary motives</add> unfavourable. 1. <lb/> | |||
<add>physical</add> difficulty 2,. danger <lb/> | |||
of detection 3. danger <lb/> | |||
of apprehension <lb/> | |||
4. danger of suffering <lb/> | |||
by defence</p> | |||
<p><unclear>2</unclear></p> | |||
<p>3 <del>1</del>5</p> | |||
<p>Quantum of mischief <lb/> | |||
in each.</p> | |||
<p>4 13</p> | |||
<p>A Sharper must <lb/> | |||
be unknown</p> | |||
<p>5. 14</p> | |||
<p><gap/> Sharping therefore <lb/> | |||
can only <lb/> | |||
be carried on in <lb/> | |||
great towns.</p> | |||
<p>6 7</p> | |||
<p>A thief need not <lb/> | |||
be unknown</p><pb/> | |||
<p>7. 15</p> | |||
<p>More primary <lb/> | |||
mischief may be <lb/> | |||
done by Sharping <lb/> | |||
than by Theft <lb/> | |||
or Robbery</p> | |||
<p>8 16</p> | |||
<p><gap/> by Robbery <lb/> | |||
than by Theft</p> | |||
<p>9 17</p> | |||
<p>- by House Robbery <lb/> | |||
than by <lb/> | |||
Road-Robbery</p> | |||
<p>10 12</p> | |||
<p>Present danger <lb/> | |||
greater in Theft <lb/> | |||
than in Sharping <lb/> | |||
p.1</p> | |||
<p>11 9</p> | |||
<p>Facility sometimes <lb/> | |||
greater. p.1 <lb/> | |||
<del><gap/> <gap/></del> <lb/> | |||
<add>2.</add> do <del>for</del></p> | |||
<p>12 6.</p> | |||
<p>More persons <lb/> | |||
may do for <lb/> | |||
Thieves than for <lb/> | |||
Sharpers or Robbers</p> | |||
<p>13 <del>8</del>7</p> | |||
<p>More for Robbers <lb/> | |||
than Sharpers</p> | |||
<p>1<del>3</del>4 <del>7</del>8</p> | |||
<p>Yet some may do <lb/> | |||
for Sharpers who <lb/> | |||
wont for robbers: <lb/> | |||
viz: boys & women </p> | |||
<p>15*</p><pb/> | |||
<p>15 2</p> <p><add><del><gap/></del></add> Offences of the <lb/>same motive <lb/>are .1. Theft <lb/>2. Embezzlement <lb/>3. Defraudment <lb/>4. Robbery <lb/>5. Homecide in certain <lb/>cases <lb/>5 Incendiarism</p><p>16 2*</p> <p>Destruction and <lb/>Endamagement are <lb/>always offences <lb/>of a different motive <lb/><add>from the others.</add>- viz: Ill-will.</p><p>17 18</p> <p>Mere mischief <lb/>may be done <add>to a given person</add> by <lb/>confidential <lb/>sharping than <lb/>by ordinary.</p> <p>18 <gap/></p> <p>But confidential <lb/>is more difficult: <lb/>requiring <lb/>labour for <lb/><gap/>sinuation, 2. <lb/>particular opportunities.3. <lb/>station in life <lb/><gap/> are in the way <lb/>to practice it.</p> <p>19 20</p> <p><del><gap/></del> Theft and <lb/>Sharping so <lb/>nearly alike <lb/>in mischief that <lb/><add>it</add><del><gap/></del> is not worth <lb/>while to make <lb/>a difference in <lb/>punishment p.<lb/> | |||
7, 8. <add>9. 10.</add> That difference</p><pb/> | |||
<p>19 20</p> <p>could not operate <lb/>unless it were striking, <lb/>& then the <lb/>punishment for <lb/>Theft if great enough <lb/>would interfere <lb/>with that <lb/>of Robbery &c</p> <p>20 15</p> <p>Sharping may <lb/>therefore be combated <lb/>indirectly: <lb/>viz: by measures <lb/>of <unclear>innolescince</unclear> <lb/>See 5.</p> <p>| 21 |</p> <p>Theft Embezzlement <lb/>& Sharping commonly <lb/>indistinguishable : <lb/>viz: <lb/>even the act itself: <lb/>ergo the mischief.</p> <p>22 10</p> <p>A Thief to steal <lb/>particular articles <lb/>(ex. gr. under lock <lb/>& key) must have <lb/>particular opportunities.</p> <p>23. 19</p> <p>By cultivating <lb/>talents for Sharping <lb/>man may become <lb/>less bold & less fit <lb/>for Robbery</p> <p>24</p> <p>Mischief of house <lb/>Robbery arises <lb/>1. from increased<lb/>facility. 2. from <lb/>danger to person.</p><pb/> | |||
<p>25.</p> | |||
<p>House - <del>robbery</del> <add>Theft</add> <lb/> | |||
by night produces <lb/>the pursuant <lb/>mischief of Robbery.</p> | |||
<p>26</p> | |||
<p>{ The great object <lb/>{ is to keep <hi rend="underline">person</hi> <lb/>{ safe</p> | |||
<p>{27.</p> | |||
<p>{ With regard to <lb/> | |||
{property, to <add>insure</add> <del>make</del><lb/> | |||
{ it, <add>malefactors</add> <del>at the <gap/></del> <lb/>{ paying the insurance.</p> | |||
<p>{ 28.</p> | |||
<p>{ Caution against <lb/>{ Fraud.</p> | |||
<p>{ 29.</p> | |||
<p>{ These <unclear>need</unclear> not be <lb/>{ a conclusive objection, <lb/>{ any more than in <lb/>{ other insurances.</p> | |||
<p>{ 30</p> | |||
<p>{ The <add>Theft & Mischief</add> insurance <lb/>{ tax should come <lb/>{ in aid of the <hi rend="underline">fine</hi> <lb/>{ paid.</p> | |||
<p>{ 31</p> | |||
<p>{ And be separate <lb/>{ from other taxes: <lb/>{ which will take <lb/>{ away the <add>appearance of</add> { hardship.</p> <pb/> | |||
<p>32</p> <p><add>Subsequent</add> Danger (from <lb/>the criminal) <lb/>greater in sharping <lb/>than in <lb/>unhabitual Theft <lb/>p.6.</p> | |||
<p>33.</p> <p>Alarm greater <lb/>from Theft than <lb/>Sharping. p. <lb/>6, 3.</p> | |||
<p>34.</p> | |||
<p>Persons liable to <lb/>offend.1. Servants. <lb/>2. <add>Equal</add> Acquaintances. <lb/>3. Strangers.</p> | |||
<p>35</p> <p><add>Depravity</add> Presumption <lb/>of a habit is <lb/><gap/> least. 1. in <lb/>Theft by. 2. in <lb/><unclear>Simple</unclear> mere. defraud. <lb/>3. in Defraud. <hi rend="superscript"><gap/></hi> <lb/>by standards.4. <lb/>in coinage. 5. <lb/>in Sharpers by <lb/>profession . Qu.</p> <p>36.</p> <p>Theft can affect <lb/>nothing but a <lb/>corporeal article <lb/>of property: Fraudulent <lb/>obtainment <lb/>may affect an <lb/>in corporeal object.<lb/>money or money's <lb/>worth, It may contend <lb/>to promises thin <gap/> <lb/>as well as to <lb/>evidences of them</p><pb/> | |||
<p><del><gap/> See 21</del></p> | |||
<p>36.</p> <p>A man may obtain <lb/>a dignity by <lb/><hi rend="underline">fraud</hi> & tho he cannot <lb/>steal it for instance <lb/>a Knighthood, <lb/>a Patent of <lb/>Nobility &c: that is <lb/>he may by fraud <lb/>cause <del>the</del> <add>certain</add> <hi rend="underline">services</hi> to <lb/>be render'd to him <lb/>as services by which <lb/>the dignity is conferred <lb/>on him.</p> <p><!-- Paragraph in red ink -->This seems no reason <lb/>for punishing <lb/>it more than Theft <lb/>One sort of property <lb/>is attachable one <lb/>way another sort, <lb/>another</p><pb/> | |||
<p>People to be insured<lb/>against <lb/>malefactions. 1. by<lb/>malefactors: or<lb/>2.<hi rend="superscript">d</hi> by the state<lb/> M.8</p><pb/> | |||
<p>Comparative <del><gap/></del> mischief</p> | |||
<p>2.</p> <p>On other accounts <lb/>comparative demand <lb/>for punishment: <lb/>For the me<gap/> consult <lb/>[Proportion]</p> | |||
<p>3</p> <p>Indistinguishableness <lb/>of Theft. <gap/> & Defraudment.</p> | |||
<p>4.</p> <p>Person <unclear>uncompensible</unclear> <lb/>- property compensable <lb/>by public.</p> <pb/> | |||
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{{Metadata:{{PAGENAME}}}} | {{Metadata:{{PAGENAME}}}}{{Completed}} | ||
Property compared intuit panae Offences against Property. Diffs. Off:s ag.st Property compared
intuitu ad panan
13
Circumstances favourable
to the
formation of the
several enterprises
against property
1. Physical facility
CIrcumstances non
2. difficulty
of detection 3 . small
danger of arrest 4 .
small danger of suffering
by defence
234
Circumstances
accusalilary motives unfavourable. 1.
physical difficulty 2,. danger
of detection 3. danger
of apprehension
4. danger of suffering
by defence
2
3 15
Quantum of mischief
in each.
4 13
A Sharper must
be unknown
5. 14
Sharping therefore
can only
be carried on in
great towns.
6 7
A thief need not
be unknown
---page break---
7. 15
More primary
mischief may be
done by Sharping
than by Theft
or Robbery
8 16
by Robbery
than by Theft
9 17
- by House Robbery
than by
Road-Robbery
10 12
Present danger
greater in Theft
than in Sharping
p.1
11 9
Facility sometimes
greater. p.1
2. do for
12 6.
More persons
may do for
Thieves than for
Sharpers or Robbers
13 87
More for Robbers
than Sharpers
134 78
Yet some may do
for Sharpers who
wont for robbers:
viz: boys & women
15*
---page break---
15 2
Offences of the
same motive
are .1. Theft
2. Embezzlement
3. Defraudment
4. Robbery
5. Homecide in certain
cases
5 Incendiarism
16 2*
Destruction and
Endamagement are
always offences
of a different motive
from the others.- viz: Ill-will.
17 18
Mere mischief
may be done to a given person by
confidential
sharping than
by ordinary.
18
But confidential
is more difficult:
requiring
labour for
sinuation, 2.
particular opportunities.3.
station in life
are in the way
to practice it.
19 20
Theft and
Sharping so
nearly alike
in mischief that
it is not worth
while to make
a difference in
punishment p.
7, 8. 9. 10. That difference
---page break---
19 20
could not operate
unless it were striking,
& then the
punishment for
Theft if great enough
would interfere
with that
of Robbery &c
20 15
Sharping may
therefore be combated
indirectly:
viz: by measures
of innolescince
See 5.
| 21 |
Theft Embezzlement
& Sharping commonly
indistinguishable :
viz:
even the act itself:
ergo the mischief.
22 10
A Thief to steal
particular articles
(ex. gr. under lock
& key) must have
particular opportunities.
23. 19
By cultivating
talents for Sharping
man may become
less bold & less fit
for Robbery
24
Mischief of house
Robbery arises
1. from increased
facility. 2. from
danger to person.
---page break---
25.
House - robbery Theft
by night produces
the pursuant
mischief of Robbery.
26
{ The great object
{ is to keep person
{ safe
{27.
{ With regard to
{property, to insure make
{ it, malefactors at the
{ paying the insurance.
{ 28.
{ Caution against
{ Fraud.
{ 29.
{ These need not be
{ a conclusive objection,
{ any more than in
{ other insurances.
{ 30
{ The Theft & Mischief insurance
{ tax should come
{ in aid of the fine
{ paid.
{ 31
{ And be separate
{ from other taxes:
{ which will take
{ away the appearance of { hardship.
---page break---
32
Subsequent Danger (from
the criminal)
greater in sharping
than in
unhabitual Theft
p.6.
33.
Alarm greater
from Theft than
Sharping. p.
6, 3.
34.
Persons liable to
offend.1. Servants.
2. Equal Acquaintances.
3. Strangers.
35
Depravity Presumption
of a habit is
least. 1. in
Theft by. 2. in
Simple mere. defraud.
3. in Defraud.
by standards.4.
in coinage. 5.
in Sharpers by
profession . Qu.
36.
Theft can affect
nothing but a
corporeal article
of property: Fraudulent
obtainment
may affect an
in corporeal object.
money or money's
worth, It may contend
to promises thin
as well as to
evidences of them
---page break---
See 21
36.
A man may obtain
a dignity by
fraud & tho he cannot
steal it for instance
a Knighthood,
a Patent of
Nobility &c: that is
he may by fraud
cause the certain services to
be render'd to him
as services by which
the dignity is conferred
on him.
This seems no reason
for punishing
it more than Theft
One sort of property
is attachable one
way another sort,
another
---page break---
People to be insured
against
malefactions. 1. by
malefactors: or
2.d by the state
M.8
---page break---
Comparative mischief
2.
On other accounts
comparative demand
for punishment:
For the me consult
[Proportion]
3
Indistinguishableness
of Theft. & Defraudment.
4.
Person uncompensible
- property compensable
by public.
---page break---
|
Identifier: | JB/072/090/001"JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 72. |
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|---|---|---|---|
|
1-36, 1-4 |
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|
072 |
penal code |
||
|
090 |
offences against property - diss. |
||
|
001 |
|||
|
marginal summary sheet |
2 |
||
|
recto |
|||
|
jeremy bentham |
[[watermarks::s. lay [britannia with shield motif]]] |
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|
alexander mavrokordatos |
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|
23707 |
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