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<p>38. <hi rend="underline">Punishment</hi> is evil, produced under the notion of its<lb/> | <p>38. <hi rend="underline">Punishment</hi> is evil, produced under the notion of its<lb/> | ||
being a direct instrument or efficient | being a direct instrument or efficient cause of some good<lb/> | ||
thereby desired and intended to be produced. <lb/> | thereby desired and intended to be produced. <lb/> | ||
</p> | </p> | ||
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<p> | <p> | ||
40. In respect of its shape, | 40. In respect of its shape, expence employed by Government<lb/> | ||
as above is either <hi rend="underline">non pecuniary</hi> or <hi rend="underline">pecuriary</hi>.<lb/> | as above is either <hi rend="underline">non pecuniary</hi> or <hi rend="underline">pecuriary</hi>.<lb/> | ||
</p> | </p> | ||
<p> | <p> | ||
41. The | 41. The non pecuniary expense of Government is <hi rend="underline">hardship</hi><lb/> | ||
<hi rend="underline">at large</hi>: the principal modification of it is that produced by forced <hi rend="underline">personal service</hi>: and of forced personal <lb/> | <hi rend="underline">at large</hi>: the principal modification of it is that produced<lb/> by forced <hi rend="underline">personal service</hi>: and of forced personal <lb/> | ||
service, that produced by forced <hi rend="underline">military</hi> service.<lb/> | service, that produced by forced <hi rend="underline">military</hi> service.<lb/> | ||
</p> | </p> | ||
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<p> | <p> | ||
45. The matter of reward is not in | 45. The matter of reward is not in any sufficient quantity<lb/> | ||
procurable by Government without expense: expense as above is<lb/> | procurable by Government without expense: expense as above is<lb/> | ||
the shape of hardship & punishment.<lb/> | the shape of hardship & punishment.<lb/> | ||
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net amount of good produced — the maximization of national <lb/> | net amount of good produced — the maximization of national <lb/> | ||
felicity required — that <hi rend="underline">factitious reward</hi> — reward applied by the <lb/> | felicity required — that <hi rend="underline">factitious reward</hi> — reward applied by the <lb/> | ||
trend of Government at the <hi rend="underline"> | trend of Government at the <hi rend="underline">expence | ||
</hi> of the community — be in every shape minimized as well as <lb/> | </hi> of the community — be in every shape minimized as well as <lb/> | ||
the matter of punishment. S. | the matter of punishment. S.2.<lb/> | ||
</p> | </p> | ||
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{{Metadata:{{PAGENAME}}}} | {{Metadata:{{PAGENAME}}}}{{Completed}} | ||
good: it may be distinguished into punishment and hardship
38. Punishment is evil, produced under the notion of its
being a direct instrument or efficient cause of some good
thereby desired and intended to be produced.
39. Hardship is evil produced as a collateral result of
some operation employed for the exclusion of evil or for the
production of good: a collateral result, not on efficient cause.
40. In respect of its shape, expence employed by Government
as above is either non pecuniary or pecuriary.
41. The non pecuniary expense of Government is hardship
at large: the principal modification of it is that produced
by forced personal service: and of forced personal
service, that produced by forced military service.
42. As to the matter of expense in no shape can it ever
be procurable by Government in any thing like sufficient quantity
without hardship or punishment or the fear of it or both.
43. Whatever is done by Government is done — partly by
means of the matter of punishment or the fearof it, partly
by means of the matter of reward or the hope of it.
44. The matter of reward is a portion of the matter of
good — considered as employed in the production of felicity
in the breast of some individual, in consideration of some act
done or supposed to be done by him or about to be done by him.
45. The matter of reward is not in any sufficient quantity
procurable by Government without expense: expense as above is
the shape of hardship & punishment.
46 Accordingly on no occasion & for no purpose is good
producible by Government but through evil as above.
47. Hence in so far as may be without detriment to the
net amount of good produced — the maximization of national
felicity required — that factitious reward — reward applied by the
trend of Government at the expence
of the community — be in every shape minimized as well as
the matter of punishment. S.2.
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Identifier: | JB/039/011/001"JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 39. |
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039 |
constitutional code |
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011 |
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001 |
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copy/fair copy sheet |
1 |
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recto |
e11 |
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richard doane |
j whatman turkey mill 1822 |
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jonathan blenman |
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1822 |
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12018 |
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