JB/036/056/001

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1821 April 9.

They clear land for : is depredation
§ To every Monarch, the people are an object of hatred and
contempt.

In the view taken of the field of legislation by the scribe
of the absolute Monarch, it swarmed in every part with rebels. To
afford security to him against the enterprises of adversaries in this
shape is the most anxious of his cares. He is encompassed with
enemies on all sides and at all times: the very form of his Government
– the objects and designs so undisguisably evidenced by
it suffices to convert into adversaries to him all men who are not
so to their fellow countrymen and themselves. Of their hatred, he
assures himself: of the justness of it, as well as of the impossibility
of keeping it from coming into existence, he is fully conscious.
The utmost he can hope for is to guard himself against
that part of its effects which is most formidable to him. In
this view, he scruples not to appoint punishment for the manifestation
of it: punishment for all those who, seeing what he
is, make known to others what they see: punishing all who, on
any occasion on which their sentiments are other than favourable
to him make known those sentiments. If there be any sure methods
of creating hatred, this is one of them: but seeing love hopeless,
seeing every affection better than hatred inconsistent with every
rational view of the case, he is content thus to create draw upon himself hatred, for
the additional chance which he thus thinks to give himself of
escaping from the effects of it.

Thus in the case of the absolute Monarch. And in
this respect the case of the limited Monarch is not materially
different.

Turn now to the case of representative democracy.
in the Representative Democracy, there are no rebels. In the penal
code of the representative Democracy there is no such crime
as rebellion. in the Representative Democracy there is Governments
there may therefore be resistance to Government. In the representative
Democracy there are rulers: there may, therefore, be
resistance to rulers. Under one Government as well as under
another, resistance to rule must be punished or there is no rule.
But it is punished as such and only as such, and not as rebellion.
Suppose even a conspiracy to overturn the Government,
and substitute to it an absolute Monarchy: for under every such
democracy as yet exemplified the fact is morally impossible.

Identifier: | JB/036/056/001"JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 36.
Date_1	1821-04-09	Marginal Summary Numbering
Box	036	Main Headings	constitutional code
Folio number	056	Info in main headings field	constitut. code first lines
Image	001	Titles
Category	text sheet	Number of Pages	1
Recto/Verso	recto	Page Numbering	c1 / e1
Penner	jeremy bentham; john flowerdew colls	Watermarks
Marginals		Paper Producer
Corrections		Paper Produced in Year
Notes public		ID Number	10980
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