JB/014/007/002

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Appearances
govern action

14. v.26.
The effect of a disposition of things upon
the mind (i:e: to towards produce action) is conformable
not to uniformly to the real actual disposition,
but to the apparent: to the disposition in
question not +
+ to what
as it is but as it appears
to be.

Appearances
are 1. Motives.
2. Means.

15
The disposition of things which can have
an effect upon the mind, is a disposition
either of motives or of means . of events
calculated to induce pain or pleasure,
& of events calculated to bring on or avert
the first events.

Temper.

16 Tempers alike between two persons, equal quantities sums of money taken given </del>
to each unexpectedly accruing to each will produce
quantities of pleasure that shall be
inversely as the goodness of the circumstances.

Circumstances
(meaning pecuniary
circumstances)

167
The circumstances of a person ( meaning pecuniary circumstances) are said to be
good according as his income bears a
greater ratio to the expences in common
æstimation deemed necessary for the
maintenance support of rank and for the maintenance
of dependents.+

+ Note
A Gentleman of
£1000 a year is in
good circumstances
in comparison of
a Nobleman with
the same a thousand a year.
A Gentleman with
a thousand a year
and a Wife and
Children to maintain
out of it is
in inferior circumstances
with respect
to a single
Gentleman with
the same income.

18.
Tempers alike between two persons, equal
sums of money unexpectedly taken away
from each will produce quantities of pain
that shall be inversely as the goodness of
their circumstances.

19.
Tempers are to be supposed alike between
two men, when no reason can be assigned
for any difference.

20.
No reason can be assigned for any difference
in temper between two persons either of
them much more if both of them be personally not unknown.

Individuals not
known to Legislators.

21.
Men considered as the objects of Laws, i:e:
permanent regulations, are not in general personally not

INTROD. CH. II. Of Happiness AXIOMS [BK][2]
---page break---

Appearances
govern action.
Example.

If I am hungry I see what I think an apple — It is of wax — I
long for it as if it were an apple —
It hangs upon an Apple tree — some one has
put it on there to play a trick upon me —
Between me and the Tree is a green
surface It is a ditch coverd over with
Duckweed — It appears to me a turf —
I go to tread on it as if it were a turf.

known: that is to the Legislator.

Temper.

22.
Tempers therefore of persons consider'd as the
objects of Legislation are to be consider'd as
alike: or , to speak more properly, in Legislation the consideration
of temper is to be laid aside.

23.
It remains therefore, that in Legislation equal
sums be unexpectedly accruing to each of two persons, shall are to be
consider'd as producing quantities of pleasure
that shall be inversely as their circumstances.

Temper.

24.
To Under the head of Temper is to be referred as
well that which is occasional to a man may be termed a man's incidental
as that which is temper, as his constant: his constant
deducible from the series of his conduct throughout
life: his occasional incidental deducible from
his conduct consequential upon particular
extraordinary incidents.

Temper.

25.
Persons differ in temper in whom equal
causes of Pleasure or Pain produce
unequal effects.

Nature real &
& apparent.

26. v.14.
Objects produce an effect upon the mind not
according to what they are in themselves: but
according to the ideas they are calculated to produce
in the minds of the generality of persons under the generality of circumstances: but according
to the ideas they produce in the mind:
that is of the each particular person that may
be in question in the particular circumstances in
question.

Identifier: | JB/014/007/002 "JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 14.
Date_1		Marginal Summary Numbering	14-26
Box	014	Main Headings	deontology
Folio number	007	Info in main headings field	introd. ch. ii of happiness axioms
Image	002	Titles	appearances govern action / appearances are 1 motives / 2 means / temper
Category	text sheet	Number of Pages	1
Recto/Verso	recto	Page Numbering	c2
Penner	jeremy bentham	Watermarks	[[watermarks::gr [crown motif] [britannia with shield motif]]]
Marginals	jeremy bentham	Paper Producer
Corrections		Paper Produced in Year
Notes public		ID Number	4770
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