JB/014/008/002

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(1

What makes this latter mode of adjustment
proper to be attended to, we shall enquire
hereafter.

Æstimation
absolute

At present let us —

and the methods means we have of telling whether pursuing measuring
the mischief of one is greater than that quantity that each produces.
of another. In thus, doing this, we shall
learn how +
+ as much as what is necessary
in order
to estimate the mischief of
each offence consider'd absolutely; that is
without reference to the mischief of any other:
our business ||
|| enquiries
will come under the
title ++
++ head
of absolute æstimation. By this
++ head Æstimation
comparative
or Graduation
This done we shall then be enabled to proceed #
# We may then proceed
to æstimate
the proportion that the mischief of any
one offence bears to that of the rest: to
bear the of observe the degree or rank they stand in to

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2)

each other in virtue of the quantities
of mischief it is in their several natures
to produce: [+]
[+] to range them
one above another
in a scale.
our business may then bear
the title of Graduation, or comparative
Æstimation.

Æstimation
of an offence
performed by taking
the amount

So it in any quantity, the mischief of an For the mischief of one offence to exist in any

• quantity, [++]
  

[++] the sensations it
is concerned with,
of the value of
each article of
the value of its
mischief.
the pains it is it's nature to produce,
the pleasures it is its nature to
prevent, must be 1er of some intensity; 2d of
some duration: 3dly They must be either
present, or to come: they must be either
certain, or contingent: they must be either
pure or impure: they must affect persons and
some number: either one+,
+ one at least, if
not more
or more.

Graduation the
comparison of
the values so
taken.

If the mischiefs of two offences differ in quantity
it can only be in that these pains
and these pleasures [ ] differ in these articles
of their value; in some one that is, or more or all of them.
To estimate therefore the mischievousness of any number of offences
there is but one thing for us to do: it is to examine

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(3

to measuring the amount into these articles to measure the amount of each.

Measures not
alike steady for
each of these Articles.

If the extent of these several dimensions
This task, we shall soon see, is not in every
(of a sensation's value] on a given subject,
one of the articles in question, an affair of
we have not in all of them an equal facility:
it is a matter that
is not in every one
of them equally
easy.
I mean for doing it as to the executing it in concert,
whereby so as that the judgment of one every man concerning
that amount in a given instance,
may shall be the same as with that of an every other.

1st. as to Intensity

I adress myself to a Legislator. I am considering
an mischief. act that has been made an offence of. I am æstimating this quantum amount of it's mischief. that
quantum amount is determined among [the] other considerations,
by the intensity of the pain it is in it's nature to produce
in a person proposed.

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4)

I judge in the first place that the sensation is
a pain: that as a pain it's intensity amounts to is
something. This I must be right in: this I must bring
him to agree in: otherwise all my speculations
concerning the other dimensions of the value of the sensation
fall to the ground.

(5

If his judgment concerning the amount of that intensity
does not agree differs widely after all with mine, if nothing
that I can urge to him can make it
agree, my attempts to persuade him must
miscarry. We have no such thing instrument as a Pathometer

Duration

With respect to Duration it is otherwise: I can
count moments as well as he: he can count

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moments as well as I. There is little danger
in of our varying. The clock is our
common measure: our common guide. [+] The
[+] whether confinement
for a certain
time, or
loss of a certain
portion of a man's
fortune be the
worst cost of the two is what
we may find it difficult
to be agreed
about: but that
two days confinement
is as bad again
as one, we
shall understand
without much any great
danger of disagreement.
clock will not make us vary to any amount
we shall either of us be concerned about.
We have Chronometers that will give us satisfaction.

No one man in short has any accurate [and minute] measure
of the intensity of the sensations of any
other: much less is there any such thing as an
instrument that is to every person all persons at once a common
measure for the intensity of the sensations of all.

I must be content just to deliver my judgment
and take my chance for its concurring with his.

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ÆSTIMAT. II. B

Identifier: | JB/014/008/002 "JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 14.
Date_1		Marginal Summary Numbering	not numbered
Box	014	Main Headings	deontology
Folio number	008	Info in main headings field	aestimat. ii
Image	002	Titles	aestimation absolute
Category	text sheet	Number of Pages	1
Recto/Verso	recto	Page Numbering	f1 / f2 / f3 /
Penner	jeremy bentham	Watermarks	[[watermarks::gr [crown motif] [britannia with shield motif]]]
Marginals	jeremy bentham	Paper Producer
Corrections		Paper Produced in Year
Notes public		ID Number	4771
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