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6 Apl 1809 A 1
Press. Ch. 2. Libel law as it ought
§.1. Misgovernment Causes
+ 1.
Objects of the Essay are
to shew that—
1.—As to conduct and character
of public men
the press ought to be
free.
2. that it is not—
3. how it may be
p. 1—
+ 2.
Use of this freedom
operating as a remedy
curative or preventative
against misgovernment.
p. 1.
+ 3
Exhibenda—to shew how
it is applicable to this
case—
1. Misgovernment its
modes & causes—
2. Necessity & operation of
the remedy under the
English constitution.
1. Peoples interest for it in
2. Things |^^^|
3. |^^^| but rulers decidedly
adverse.
4.
Intersect of every community
its branches
corresponding to four objects—
1 Security.
2. Subsistence. 1. Foreign
2. Home do
3. Rulers
liberty
3. Abundance or Opulence.
4. Equality p.2.
5.
Rulers are necessary
to every community—
viz. Chief & Subs
or Chief p.2
6
The intersect they will
have on persons are
1. Social
2. Self-regarding, separate
or sinister—
Their social is that
of people.
Their selfregarding
&c.—is their interest
as against the people.
p. 2.
7.
Objects of their separate
interest as against the
people.
1. Money (more than
necessary).
2. Power (excessive).
3. Power abroad more
than necessary for
defence.
4. Vengeance agt opponents
5. Call from opposition.
p. 2.
---page break---
§.1. Misgovernment Causes
+ 7(a)
Excessive power abroad
its home mischief—
1. Excessive encrease of
home power—
2. Tendency to produce
war.
3. Direct encrease of |^^^|.
4. Waste of people's money
5. More excessive encrease
of home power. p. 2
§.2 + 8
Objects of ql peoples separate
interest as agt
Rulers
1. No money in excess
2. No power at home in
excess—
3. No power abroad in
excess—
4. No vengeance for
vengeance sake.
5. No case at the expence of
duty—
8a
Examples of money in
excess—
1. Sinecures.
2. Official emoluments.
in excess.
3. Fees |^^^| or
overpaying service of
justice or other service.
4. Emoluments producing
peculation by percentage.
p. 4.
+ 9. 1.
Bad government misgovernment
or misrule
its causes—
1. Improbity by pursuit
of sinister interest.
2. Imbecillity Incapacity of in pursuit
of social interest.
+ 10.
Official ease is disturbed
by—
1. Complaints
2. Murmurs—
3. Facts indicative of
misrule—
4. Arguments do both
as productive of complaints
& murmurs.
Tendency of complaints
and murmurs is
1. In case of improbity
to necessitate sacrifice
of sinister
interest.
2. In case of improbity
or imbecility sacrifice
of place.
p. 5.
---page break---
§.1. Misgovernment Causes
Ch. 2. 10(a)
Note.
11
Pursuit of social interest
is disclaimed by rulers
in some states—p. 6.
12.
—put upon a level
with or below do of
separate self-regarding
in some others—p. 6.
13.
In Britain &c. put
above do of separate or
self-regarding p. 6.
14.
Elsewhere no remedy
against misgovernment
but violent—viz.—by
forcible deposition regicide
insurrection or civil war.
15.
Britannicé no such
violence is necessary—
thanks to—The King can
do no wrong: inviolability
being rendered safe
by impotence. p. 6.
1. 16.
Fitness its ingredients—
1. Probity
2. Capacity—
So unfitness p. 3.
Judgment on fitness
2. 17.
Judges of sub-rulers
fitness are—
1. Chief rulers—
2. People—who by unfitness
are chief
sufferers. p. 3.
3. 18.
Materials for judgement
on fitness—
1. Facts—
2. Observations on do
p. 3.
4 or 1. 19.
Facts & observations
probative of fitness of
sub-rulers can never
be deficient.
Secus do probative of
unfitness. p. 3.
---page break---
§.1. Objects of this Essay
as in or against public interest
press raises to be is
to be free—1.
Use of freedom remedy against
misrule.. 2.
Exhibenda for this purpose
1. Misgovernment Misrule, discourse obscuring.
2. Remedy its mode of operating
1. Deceptive laws a decided interest. 3.
against misrule.
2. King con & pro.
3. Sub rulers decidedly pro.
§.2. Causes of misrule.
Unfitness viz.
Improbity and incapacity
of rulers 9 16. 9. 20.
Cause of
Improbity the variance between
their interests & do of people.
§3. People's contempt. 4. 8. 7(a).
§4. Chief Ruler's (King's) interest
1. Social—his People's
2. Separate 7. 7(a) 10.
(as against people).
§. 5. Separate as against
§. 5. Sub-rulers. interest
of (separate) 30. 31. 32. 33
34. 37. 34. 35.
§. 6. Sub rulers interests
separate as against Chief
36.
§.7. To ab Peoples & King (even separate) interests necessity
of a correct judgement
as to aptitude
of Sub Rulers𠅊lso Means ..
20. 21. 22. 37. 23. 24.
§. 8. King's separate interest
contra 25. 26. 27
38. 28. 29.
§.9. Free press and materials
for correct judgment
synonymous terms.
These people interested in free press.
But in so far as interested
in one's rule, sub-rulers
interested against a free press.
All unfit rulers will see
benefits to the free press.
Therefore it concerns the people
to support it.
§. 10 3. Objective. 1. Suppression
by envy, ambition &c.
Answer. sure.
§. 11 Objective. 2. Hurt by
failings— example
§. 12 Objective 3
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law amendment |
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press ch. 2 libel law as it ought |
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marginal summary sheet |
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john herbert koe |
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