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1822 July 29.
Constitutional Code
Ch. 2. Security against Moral
§ 2 Analytic Sketch
1.
Analysis shewing relation
between security and
security.
As in all, so in Government
acts, power and
will existing, act has
place: either not existing, not.
2.
Problem, all comprehensive
prevention of sinister
sacrifice: power
and will adequate to the
right and proper oblation,
viz. ministering
to greatest happiness
unimpaired.
3.
Liable to be under pressure
of two conflicting
interests is on each
occasion functinary's will: viz. 1. his
share in universal
interest: 2. his personal
do.: the one a small
fraction; the other an
intiger: yet intiger not
applying, by the fraction
will conduct be
determined.
4.
To will or power must
every arrangement
apply that can contribute
to prevention of
sinister sacrifice: but
the same may apply
to both.
5.
Of the necessarily conjunct
faculties, begin
with the power, leaving
do. to do good: take
away do. to do evil.
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6.
In power, elements or
dimensions three.
1. Intensity. 2. Extent. 3. Duration.
1. Measure of intensity
magnitude of effect within
the extent.
2. Of extent as to persons
number: as to things
no. and value.
3. Of duration same in
this as in other cases.
7.
1. To intensity no limits
without taking away
power to do good, thus
leaving evil unopposed.
2. So to extent.
8.
3. To duration, narrow
limits without difficulty
or danger: Witness
U.S.
9.
Instruments of power.
1. Punishment.
2. Reward.
Of the matter of reward,
principal and most extensively
applicable shape,
the matter of wealth:
say money.
– Where punishment
is the instrument of
power employed, power
is said to be employed
when money, money.
By being taken away,
matter of punishment
may be made matter
of reward: witness pardon:
By do. matter of
reward, do. of punishment:
witness fine.
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10.
Instruments of power Public money placed
1. Punishment at functionary's disposal
2. Reward. is so 1. for public
Of this matter of reward, use. 2. for his own use
principal and most extensively viz as pay: viz. for
applicable shape, service rendered on
the matter of wealth, say
money. expected.
11.
When punishment is
the instrument of power So much for power,
employed, power is and minimization
said to be employed or do. for prevention of
abuse: now as to will.
12.
Sole means of preventing
sinister sacrifice,
in aid of share in
universal interest,
some counterforce to
the sinister force of self
preference principle.
Slef preference, the
temptation; counterforce
the sanction. Sanctions
political, moral, and
religious, as shown elsewhere.
13.
1. For factitious
counterforce to the indigenous
sinister interest,
look first to political
sanction: including legal.
This being at the disposal
of rulers can not
(it may be said) be made
to operate on them as a
counterforce.
Not true this. True for
some time & some cause
two rulers can not be
made to punish each
the other. Yet in the most
absolute Monarchy, arrangements
can not but
have place from which,
at least, Monarch's will may be opposed
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securities against misrule / analytic sketch |
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