JB/038/170/001

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1823 June 9
Constitut. Code

Ch. Object of this Constitution
§.1. Good rule and Misrule, what?

1.
Good rule has for object
greatest happiness of do.
number.

2.
Misrule, of lesser.

3.
By self preference principle,
on which depends
species for existence, all
rule has for object ruler's
greatest happiness.

4.
Greatest number ruler's,
greatest numbers' is
the happiness, rule will
have for object.

5.
Rule having for object
lesser number's happiness
in preference to greater is misrule.

6.
The less the number,
the worse the rule.

7.
Rule (in Sovereignty)
in the hands of one
alone, badness of Government
is maximized.

§ Misrule,its effects

8. or 1
Oppression and depredation
include all sensible
evil effects of misrule.

9. or 2
So even oppression, depredation,
where by rulers,
being but oppression
for the purpose of
happiness to rulers, at
expence and by sacrifice
of ruled's do.

10. or 3.
But oppression exercisible
without immediate
effect in the way of depredation,
to oppressor
no pleasurable effect
but the contemplation
of oppressed's pains.

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Ch. Object of this Constitution
§. Misrule, its effects

11.
Hence, a convenience
in considering them
distinctly: distinguishing
depredation from
oppression at large: for
the operations may be
different: so the immediate
effects and do. sufferers.

12.
Still, of oppression at
large, do. in shape of depredation
is the principal
object and effect:
when for complaining
of depredation, complainers
are punished otherwise
than by pecuniary
punishment, to the
profit of the oppressor,
oppression, not depredation,
is the immediate
result.

13.
Ruler's happiness the
end, depredation and
oppression the practice.

§ 3. Sole good rule, that of democracy

14.
Sole Government having
greatest happiness
for end, democracy.

15.
Of democracy, characteristic
object, defence
against functionaries
employed in defence,
against adversaries external
and unofficial
internal.

16.
Of every other Government
object and effect
keeping non-functionaries
defenceless against functionaries:
giving facility,
certainty, extent and
impunity against their
depredation & oppression.

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Ch. Object of this Constitution
§. 3. Misrule its effects Sole good rule, democracy.

17.
Object of absolute power or say
unlimited. Monarchy,
with or without
effect, maximizing Monarch's
happiness, by
depredation & oppression,
at expence and by
sacrifice of greatest
number's do.

18.
– Of mixt, or say, limited do.,
with or without effect,
maximizing greatest
happiness of ruling one,
with do. of his inferior
partners, by whose power
limits are applied
to his: viz. by depredation
and oppression, exercised
on joint account: thence, for inferior
partners, security
against superior,
so far as compatible
with the general absence
of security against depredation
and oppression
for and by the partnership.

Identifier: | JB/038/170/001 "JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 38.
Date_1	1823-06-09	Marginal Summary Numbering	1-18
Box	038	Main Headings	constitutional code
Folio number	170	Info in main headings field	constitut. code
Image	001	Titles	ch. object of this constitution
Category	marginal summary sheet	Number of Pages	1
Recto/Verso	recto	Page Numbering	e1
Penner	john flowerdew colls	Watermarks
Marginals		Paper Producer
Corrections	jeremy bentham	Paper Produced in Year
Notes public		ID Number	11807
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