JB/044/056/002

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1823. March 18

20. V. Expence Expence: namely Expence of government. By expence is here
meant evil, in all shapes whatever shape, and for whatever purpose caused by government. from the as a
purpose Sole purpose consistent with the maximization of national felicity
means of excluding greater evil, or producing more than
equivalent good.

21. Evil introduced produced as the direct cause of the good endeavoured
to be produced is punishment.

22. Evil produced as a collateral and unavoidable result of the
means employed for the production of greater more than equivalent good is hardship.

23. The expence of government is either pecuniary
or miscellaneous non-pecuniary.

24. Of the miscellaneous non-pecuniary expence of government, the principal
shapes are hardship at large and
forced personal service and hardship at large.

25. Whether for the purpose of reward, or for whatever other
purpose, good is not producible by government but through
the medium of evil as above. No government without coercion:
all coercion is in itself an evil.

26. Hence Factitious power in so far as the good produced remains , the universal
26. Reward therefore requires to be minimised as well
Evil requires that factitious reward be minimized, as well
as factitious punishment.

27. VI. Official Aptitude. Of this Official aptitude
there are three branches are distinguishable: – 1 Appropriate moral aptitude:
2. Appropriate intellectual aptitude: 3. Appropriate
active aptitude.

28. Of appropriate intellective aptitude there are
again two branches: 1 appropriate knowledge: 2. appropriate
judgment.

29. By Appropriate moral aptitude is meant – disposition to
contribute in all things on all occasions, and in all ways, to the greatest happiness of the greatest number.

30. If appropriate moral aptitude be deficient, the consequence is – that by abundance
of appropriate aptitude in those other shapes, the aggregate of appropriate
aptitude may will naturally be
diminished instead of and not
encreased. If hostile to
the interests of the greatest
number, the more able the
functionary, the more mischievous.

Identifier: | JB/044/056/002 "JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 44.
Date_1	1824-10-10	Marginal Summary Numbering	8
Box	044	Main Headings	constitutional code
Folio number	056	Info in main headings field	constitutional code us
Image	002	Titles
Category	text sheet	Number of Pages	1
Recto/Verso	recto	Page Numbering	a43 / d27
Penner	jeremy bentham	Watermarks
Marginals		Paper Producer
Corrections		Paper Produced in Year
Notes public		ID Number	13841
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