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3
We come now to speak of Pains.
Pain of Sufferance from an external instrument
I hit my foot against a Stone: I am in pain: I suffer. I call it a
pain of sufferance. It is a pain of the body. The internal
instrument of my pain is my foot. The external
instrument is the Stone.
Pain of Sufferance without an external instrument
I became hungry. I had not wherewithal nothing to eat. I remained
a certain time without eating. This also was a pain
It was a pain of the body. The internal pain instrument of it was my Stomach
external instrument there was none. This is that which
of the 2 stands most immediately opposed to that pleasure
which has served us for an instance of a pleasure of enjoyment.
For as To be hungry and eat is a pleasure; to To
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be hungry without eating is a pain.
In practice, however, we shall hardly have occasion to
distinguish this sort of pain from the other sort of pain
We will therefore call this also A Pain of Sufferance.
Pain of Privation
I was hungry. Came a man and gave me a piece of money
to buy bread. I felt a pleasure. I possessed the money
it was a pleasure of possession. Came another man and
took it from me. I was deprived of the piece of Silver money My
pleasure of expectation possession ceased, and a pain of regret took it's
place [It was the opposite and proceeded from a cause It proceeded from my being deprived of that
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the being possessed of which gives had was giving me a pleasure the opposite to that of the pleasure of possession] I call it a
pain of Privation. It was a pain of mind. It was
the opposite reverse to the pleasure of possession
Pain of Expectation. privative.
I had a piece of money to buy Bread I quarrel'd with a
man: he was stronger than I. He threatned to take it from me away.
from a piece of money. I expected to lose my money it:
I felt a pain. It was a pain of expectation. A Pain also
of mind. It was the reverse of my Pleasure
of expectation.
Pain of Expectation positive. I quarrel'd with a man — he was stronger than I. He
threatned to beat me. I expected to be beaten. I felt a
pain. This also was a pain of mind. We have no occasion
to distinguish it from the other we will therefore
call this also a pain of expectation. It arose from the
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expectation of a pain of sufferance.
* * * *
Let us here pause a moment, while to & take a retrospect of our course the progress we have made
We are as it were in the center of an Arch, where the irregularity of a few inches answers to a large segment in the crown of it We are now upon the foundations of our system. It is
necessary to make them perspicuous; for to have them perspicuous
to the reader is the only way to have them appear
sure to him. to be secure.
There are two methods of investigation say the spoken of by Logicians;
the Analytic and the Synthetic.
The Synthetic is that we have been thus far travelling in thus far in. Let us now
pause for a moment a while turn back review the steps
turn back a while or the steps we have taken and retrace
them after the analytic methods. them in the closer & concise method of analysis.
INTROD. CH. II. Happiness and Unhappiness. their ingre [III] -dients. transcribed. Waste.
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of laws in general |
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introd. ch. ii happiness and unhappiness - their ingredients |
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[[watermarks::gr [crown motif] [britannia with shield motif]]] |
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[[notes_public::"transcribed waste" [note in bentham's hand]]] |
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