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20.
Proximity
value with a present pleasure of equal magnitude. [+] [+] It is further from being of equal value to it, the further it is from being present.
This is recognized by all the world: It may be of no more than half the
and is the foundation of universal practise. or a quarter the value; or a quarter; and in short may be inferior
to it in any given ratio.
21.
Instance — an Estate.
This is recognized by all the world mankind: and is
the foundation of universal practise.+ + and men ground themselves upon it in all their dealings An Estate
(which is a thing valuable: no otherwise than as for what? for being a fund
of pleasures). An estate to commence in future
is never so highly aestimated as if it were in
present possession: it's value is acknowledged
to diminish according in a settled ratio according
as the period of its commencement coming into possession is
more or less distinct. remote.
22.
Proximity.
In the same manner Hence we find another a third circumstance that
goes into the value of a pleasure: namely
that of it's proximity or remoteness. 22* 22* Between two pleasures both present there can be no difference in point of certainty: the certainty of both of them is at it's utmost.
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23.
Certainty.
In like manner But of pleasure not pres one of them not present a pleasure not certain
is not of equal value with a pleasure of
alike in equal magnitude and remoteness, that is certain.
It may be of no more than best inferior
to it in any given ratio.
24.
Example. Instance. an Estate.
This truth is a truth equally apparent & confessed with
that just mentioned. [21] An of two Estates equal in
remoteness and in amount the one may differ
from the other to such a degree as with respect to the
chance for it's ever resting as to be of no
more than half the value: or a quarter and in short, so
as to be inferior to it in any given ratio. It is further from being of equal value and The further it is from being certain
25.
Certainty.
We have now therefore a fourth circumstance
that goes into the value of it's a
pleasure: namely its degree of certainty: or
contingence: for from defect in point of certainty a thing an event
is said to be contingent.
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(1)
a f. II A primary pleasure of Expectation of the 1st order derives
its advantage over pleasures of fruition impression
as we have been saying, from its duration variety
penetrability, and duration: in mere intensity
it is generally inferior: but a secondary pleasure of
expectation of the 2d order can not possess
those advantages, any of them, in any greater
degree than that pleasure of the 1st order
from whence it is derived: and it must
be inferior to it in intensity as being further more remote from
the source. those of impression, that is further from the
source.
Go on f. II. The advantage &c
NOTE
Hume. "Impression" I may be permitted allowd adopt to borrow adopt the nomenclature
of that subtle and elegant philosopher
in this instance without adopting many of his opinions.
Nothing can be more simple than and serviceable
than this nomenclature, and the distinction
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it expresses: thus much I may be
allowd to borrow of the subtle profound and elegant
philosopher who invented it, without subscribing
universally to to every one of+ + universally to his opinions.
26.
Value of a pleasure present or not. The total Value of a given Pleasure independent of all the Pleasures and Pains
is therefore is
made up of 4 particulars: ingredients: its intensity,
duration, proximity and certainty.
N. B.
N. B. Now take up the Paragraphs from No
11 to 14 both inclusive: then No 18. then continue
on from No 27 inclusive.
Purity therefore is a quality that belongs to a
sensation, not in itself: as to what it is but only as it stands
connected with some cause: & that cause with
some other sensation. Take any single sensation
for example, suppose it the only one existing in the
world, all the other considerations would all of them belong
to it just as they do now: this alone of it's purity,
would not.
INTROD. Ch. Happiness and Unhappiness. their Dimen- [III] -sions.
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