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B.2. Ch.10.
Chapter 10
Of Active of laborious Punishment
Active punishment is that which
is inflicted on a man by obliging or to use another
word compelling him to act in this or that particular
way: to exert this or that particular species of
action.
There are two kinds of means by
which a man may be compelled to act, physical
and moral, the first applies itself to his body, the
other to his mind, to his faculty of volition.
The actions which a man may be
compelled to perform by physical means are so
few and so unprofitable both to the patient &
to others, as not to be worth taking into the
account.
When the instrument is of the
moral kind, it is by acting on the volition
that it produces its effect. The only instrument
that is of a nature to act immediately upon the
volition is an Idea, – but not every Idea, only
an idea of pleasure or of pain as about to
ensue from the performance or non-performance
of the act which is the object of the volition.
It cannot be an idea of pleasure
which can so act upon the volition as to give
birth to an act the performance of which shall
be a punishment; It must therefore be an idea
of Pain, – of any Pain, no matter what, so it be to
appearance greater than the pleasure of abstaining from
the performance of the penal act.
It is manifest therefore that when
a Punishment of the laborious kind is appointed
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