JB/159/025/002

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Punishment defined

the word punishment might be consider'd as being used for
shortness instead of saying an act of punishment.
In the above series it is to be observed we have proceededtravelled
backwards, passing from effects to causes in an order, which
is the inverse of that which obtains in nature: the last-
-mentioned of the above incidents being that which comes
first into existence and gives birth becomes the cause of to all
the rest.

It is to the two last of the above four senses incidents that
the term punishment seems to be appliedemploy'd with the strictest
propriety: since in these two it will be found difficult
to replace it by any other word; whereas in the two
first senses it's place may be respectively occupied by two other words
in<add>perhaps</add>any other language perhaps with at least equal convenience.+ To make the distinction
still clearer we may observe the following proposition
in which the different sense of the word areis exhibited
in these it's four different senses, arranged according to
the order of nature. When the business of punishment
(or punishing)++ is properly conducted, as well on the part of
the Magistrate as of the executioner the perils punishment
(or penalty)II of the delinquent is so adjusted, that the
punishment (or pain#) which he suffers is no greater than
what is indispensibly necessary to produce the effect proposed.

—

This observation will serve better perhaps for almost any other
language than the English, as we shall see presently.

shall appear perfectly
familiar

++ Punitionis Lat de la punition, Fr.

‡ Ddor Lat. la

doulium Fr:

|| Poena Lat la peine Fr. The english word penalty is not very
frequently applied to any other than a pecuniary punishment: so that this
sake of the word punishment can scarcely be expressed by any other language.

Identifier: | JB/159/025/002 "JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 159.
Date_1		Marginal Summary Numbering
Box	159	Main Headings	punishment
Folio number	025	Info in main headings field	punishment
Image	002	Titles
Category	text sheet	Number of Pages	4
Recto/Verso	recto	Page Numbering	d1 f1 / d2 f2 / d3 f3 / d4 f4
Penner	jeremy bentham	Watermarks	[[watermarks::s. lay [britannia with shield emblem]]]
Marginals		Paper Producer	alexander mavrokordatos
Corrections		Paper Produced in Year
Notes public		ID Number	53848
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