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Pers:l Inj: in gen. Of the Principles of human action.
Inserenda.
Sport.
of certain Emperors of Morocco, who merely to make a
display of their dexterity, used to take off the heads of their
grooms, as they leaped into the saddle. It is
the celebrated Muley Ishmael he seems to have in
view: of whom this story I remember to have read similar stories in the narratives of men who
were eye witnesses to his cruelties. There was in this it
may be said more of vanity than sport. The motives
are nearly allied : but even in this country of humanity
way too often are cruelties exercised on {poor} the
unoffending animals brute creation in a manner which affords no ground
for supposing vanity to have born any part in the
entertainment. Caligula used to make it a matter
of amusement to see observe the various gestures and
convulsions of men in their dying agonies. For many ages It was
a favourite amusement of the Romans to see bands
of men fighting set to fight with one another for their lives, others
thrown to wild beasts to be devoured.
Benevolence.
The same injuries which it might be in the way of
a man to do to another in order to preserve himself
another man a third person might do to him to preserve his friend
from the same misfortune. Whatever injuries therefore
a man might do to another from the motive
of Self-preservation, the same he might be induced to
inflict from through the motive of Sympathy or Benevolence.
Injuries to reputation may take their rise from
the joint or separate influence of the following
principles. 1st Lucre. 2dly Revenge. 3dly Party Hatred. 3 4dly
Pride. 5thly Ostentation Vanity on the score of sagacity. 6thly Vanity
on the score of the faculty of amusing. 7 6thly Ennui which
perhaps is the same urge as Sport.
N.B. Pride x Vanity. Pride: Fear: Vanity: Love.
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Pers: Inj: in gen. Principles of Human Action.
N.B.+ or Sources.
B1.
Various motives
from which the Several
sorts of Personal
Injuries
may proceed.
Motive why recorded?
1) Of the Principles+ of human action.
In aestimating the mischief produced by different
instances of these several sorts of offences, it is necessary to
pay attention to the motive. According as the motive
to any such instance of any indifference of any of those
offences is different, the mischief produced by
the offence is different; as may also be the punishment
requisite to be applied to it.
There follow nor more is in one of them which is may not capably naturally
thus takes it's rise of taking it's birth from any one or almost any one of a various groups of motives.
These motives are those which correspond respectively to the general principles
Anger, Physical desire, Lucre, Self-preservation, cordiality
Sport, <add>curiosity and even Benevolence: Friendly Sympathy or as in the case of the partial direction given to that virtue it may be more proper to stile it. Of all
these motives principles however the most natural is Anger.
We shal It ma For the satisfaction of the reader it may be of
use to shew {suggest} by {imagined examples} instances, how the several
sorts of Injuries taken to be consider'd may arise take their rise respectively from these motives: the injury being all along supposed to be intentional.
From Anger all Instances when any one of them they take their rise
from the motive of Anger are with respect to every
one of them so obvious that it will not be necessary
to give [any] examples.
From Avarice Simple
Personal Injuries
can not
Qu. a wager laid by
A that he hurts B.
N.B. The connection here between the pain of B and the profit of A. not natural but artificial.
From Avarice as Lucre as the motive, meaning the natural <add>primary motive, Simple
personal Injuries indeed can not take their rise: only
in the case where the injury though it be perhaps the fore-imagined
is not the intended transient consequence of the act.
In Nuisances the act intentional not the event.
Disablement may, when the expected consequence is
some gain to the offender: as if a man were to
knock another down in order to seize his money.
But Disablemt may
So also may Disablement permanent: may as if an intent were to a sculptor
handicraft were to wound a rival artist handicraft in such manner as to take deprive
from him, disable him of from exercising his art: the use of his hands.
— and disfigurement. It is not very easy to figure a case where natural for Disfigurement
can to take it's rise from this such a motive.
Such a case however is conceivable. A man who
is paying court to a woman of large fortune in whom he wishes to has a view of
the hopes of marrying her marrying for for the sake of her money, disfigures his rival in
the view of rendering him less amiable in her eyes. Were
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jeremy bentham |
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