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5 Happ.ss and Unhappiness their Dimensions Value of a Pain or Pleasure, how measured
19 forms a third Dimension.
into the consideration of allpleasures: nor therefore to a of every lot of Happiness: save in a lot of Happiness is present for when a plea for they are <add>in a manner recent,</add> it can be conceived without
them: and do not enter into the consideration of that pleasure or that lot It can be conceived without them, for it subsists without them
of happiness it subsists without them when it is present. Extent is essential to a lot
of Happiness. A Lot of Happiness can not be conceived without it. A
Lot of Happiness cannot be conceived to exist in a State, without extending
through a certain number, one at least, of the persons in it. Extent
on this account may be spoken of as a third dimension of a Lot of Happiness.
20.
Thus much concerning Pleasures: and what
What has been said hitherto concerning pleasure, may be said equally
of pains.
21.
A Lot of Happiness Unhappiness is to a pain, what a Lot of Happiness is to a
pleasure.
22.
If the nature of the mind were such, that pleasure and pains started up
in it without connection; if no one sensation were the natural consequences of any other,
those the qualities above mentioned are all the we should have occasion to
notice in them: what has been said is all we should have to say of -
them. Not that that, or any thing else we could say, would on such a
supposition, be of any use to us. But this is not case. Sensations are connected
one of them with another; connected by things that are the instruments of by actions
that are the causes of them both. [a] It may therefore be of use to
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Note.
[a] It has been already seen ch. what an instrument is. By a Cause,
I mean not the instrument itself, but the action of the instrument.
An instrument is a substance. A cause in the sense to which I would wish comprise
Happ:ss and Unhapp:ss their Dimensions Value of a Pain or Pleasure. 5.
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