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otrophium}
Proposal } Brouillon - July 27 1794 Brouillon Prod
Prog
by J.B to L.J.
Bur. at Lon.F.R.S
of Ox.A: NI. . Gov.
of Penity House. Expence of a
constant Supply
of the necessaire
physique gives
the maximum of
frugality in each
country: of such
frugality as is consistent
with humanity
Reference to Smith
to show how much
this is below the
common rule of expence
of in the lowest
class in England
Hardship in case
of reduction results
from habit and
expectation
[+] In our experience
where is the hardship
in not being able to
meet with the Chinese birdsnest
or Mangostens?
To Queen
Elizabeth where was
the hardship of liv
without Turtle.
To William the
Conqueror where was
the hardship of not having
no such thing to
as a silk stocking
to put on? - to Henry 8th
the leaving no such
thing as a Couch
for the repose of his unwieldy
carcase? Begin with a
habit of the greatest
frugality consistent
with humanity,
there is no
hardship in it.
Enjoyment inseparable
from the
gratification of
natural appetites
- not dependent at
all upon the quality <add></add> -
still less upon the
costliness
Examples of simple
& uncostly
modes of living -
Henderton - China &c
Frugality in
alliance with humanity
in presenting
the use
of fermented liquors,
the great
enemies to health
Converting exercise
to profit, another
great source of
saving: to be amusing,
to increase
every purpose of
play it is not necessary
an exercise
should be unproductive
Objection - it ceases
to be an amusement
if made a duty -
Answer - an individual
occupation
will need be made a duty
on account of the
choice allowed amongst
many
Exercise of the body
- exercise of the
mind - sleep -
there need be no other
modes of being.
Scarce any not
one of these same
sources of economy
it may be said but
what you resorted
to in the instance
of your delinquent
prisoners. Is the
treatment you mean
to offer to criminals
and to your adoptive
children then the
same? - Yes and
no - Yes the great
difference in appearance:
an immense difference in effect
This mode of
management
not practiced impracticable in
ordinary schools -
why
Habits contracted
at home can not
be thwarted without
producing suffering
- nor without producing
ill will
and discontent -
- an enemy to
instruction - This
an insuperable
obstacle.
The place of
instruction pursued in schools
took its origin was framed in
times when there
were not so many
useful things to
learn as now.
The branches of
knowledge latest
acquired would
naturally be latest
learnt taught - acquired
at a later
period of the existence
of this species
they would be taught
at a later period
of the existence of
the individual.
They How would
they be so generally
taught as points
of knowledge of
Schr Dale.
Motives necessary
in every case -
But here humanity
joins with
prudence in dictating
reward instead
of punishment.
Not subsequent
fasting as a punishment
for not
working - but withholding
of food
till the lack is
done. The gratification
of appetite
is thus rendered
the the constant & regular reward of delinquence.
This it like working
tack work in comparison
of day-work.
Yorkshire &
other Schools
have come into
the parsimonious
branch of economy,
and pursued
it to a considerable
length.
But they have not
adopted the productive
branch.
—
[+] In the prison To the criminals
wherein I have already
as any care
the privation or
constraint imposed
by these economical
arrangements would
in most instances
be a punishment?
Why? because the
for regulation finds
more set against
it by a long course
of contrary habits &
inclinations.
Equipment for
the learned professions
not incompatible
with this
frugal plan - why
What makes such
education expensive
is in not being in
use to be bestowed but
upon the children of
prisoners of a nature
degree of opulence.
As the provision
it leads to is so much
greater more lucrative than that which
is to be had if obtained
from inferior labour
of an inferior kind
many of the opulent flock
to it: viz: those who
can afford to pay a
good price for instruction
This will tend to
keep out the less opulent,
as not being
able to afford the expence
of keeping up
with the more opulent
The stock required
for these pursuits
requires much more
money than can be
thus bestowed by the
inferior classes - instruments,
books &c.
—
In the Padotrophium
in previous enjoyment
as prevention: no expectation
as disappointment.
[+]
Advantages of
interested management
over uninterested - especially
in the hands
of men learn whose
minds are impregnated
with notions
derived from luxurious
mode of
living.
An establishment
that depended upon
the persevering
zeal and concord of multitudes,
especially
of multitudes so
composed, stands
upon a precarious tottering
basis.
Advantages
of a Paedotrophic ptic
establishment over
a Ptochothreptic trop
The candidate
for Ptochothreptic
charity have
their habits, already which
can formed not without
the production of
suffering be thwarted
Besides that they
contain a number
of individuals rendered
unserviceable
by more or less unproductive by
accidental infirmity
or old age
No children to
be received into
Paedotrophium
whose mode of
living would
be rendered less
pleasant by the
change discipline of the
institution
Therefore none
to be admitted but
what were either
accustomed to live
very hard, or
else come very
young - say
6 year old .
Of children who
had been accustomed
to be treated
fare better, it might
be required that
for some little time
previous to their
admission they
should be made
to fare worse elsewhere.
Children of a
certain age, who
till that age had
been used to a different
treatment
should be kept
separate from those
bred up from infancy
under this
new discipline
These institutions
why undertaken
by the Governor of
a Penitentiary House
The same steady
and well considered
principle of economy
equally necessary
to each institution.
Harshness no necessary
property of
the Keeper of a Prison.
Akerman was
a of humanity
in Newgate
what would he have
been in a school.
The man who had
the most to do conversant with with
prisons was Howard.
what was
his disposition? what
his conduct? what
his motive?
The difficulty on
all these subjects
was to list upon
a well-imagined
and consistent set
of principles- that
done the execution
is a business comparatively
of the mechanical
kind nature
1. a good theory
2- experience under
that theory
3. Rules framed or
confirmed upon
that experience.
If any community
could be made
to produce with
certainty a sufficient
stock of
sustenance and
warmth for them
all - infants, sick
and superannuated
included such an
establishment might
continue and the
numbers of it multiply
without end.
Objection - You
and your Brother
may soon die &
then what becomes
of the establishment?
Answer - A very
short time will be
sufficient to breed
up under-managers
and instructors.
These will be bred
up in course and
necessarily - The
establishment will
be left by
Wills to the charge
of him who app
promises to be the
fittest.
As to instruction,
a boy as soon as
he has learnt himself
is fit & the fittest to teach
another - and the
leading future of the
plan will be already public
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Identifier: | JB/107/057/001 "JB/" can not be assigned to a declared number type with value 107.
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jeremy bentham |
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