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Such being the state of the case in regard to measures and
principles, Under the measure with its principle, as thus introduced
into the slave trade it may not be amiss to observe what in practice had effects
in practice, had at the time already been the result — say in the July of 1793, when the above Proposal, after two
already been the result or three years of neglect, was was
fortunate enough to obtain the acceptance of Mr Pitt.
Before the slave trade regulations spoken of "a ship of 240 tons
"could frequently be crowded" (according to Edwards) Edwards II. p.121 "with no less than 520 slaves: which
was not allowing ten inches of room to each individual. The
"consequence was oftentimes a loss of 15 per Cent on the Voyage
"and 4 1/2 per cent more in the harbours of the West Indies,
"previous to the sale, from diseases contracted at sea." After,
the regulations and doubtless by virtue of those regulations, - the effects of restriction and premiums - of
prescribed breathing space and professional care - together being taken together —
indistinguishably the separate efficacy of each being indistinguishable —
after these regulations made in 1788 and yet before before June 1793 (being the date that stands in the dedication prefixed to the first edition of Edwards's book) (the time at which Edwards's work the date borne in the dedication by
being then finished) that time idea the 15 per Cent was loss on the
voyage was sunk already to an apparent a maximum average of 7 per Cent,
an apparent average, which, for the reasons he gives might scarecly to be taken
for more than perhaps half that rate. This at sea: and the 4 1/2 per
Cent loss in labour was reduced at the same time to so small a part fraction as 3/4 per
Cent. Cent. The difference experiment thus made is instructive. The difference between loss and
loss shews the influence that may be exercised over human power action by
a due application of the principles of moral dynamics, by a right application <add>management</add>
of the springs of action in human nature. The amount of the original customary loss — this amount, compared with the causes that produced it, may serve to shew how insufficient is the utmost which <add></add> which the principle of sympathy, and indeed all other social principles put together, are capable of opposing to the prime influence of the self-regarding principle of pecuniary interest, even where human life - where human lives in multitudes - are at stake. may at the same time help serve to obviate the importation of passion and personal , if on any occasion a suspicion should be be to suggest itself, that the fate of convicts may have been regarded by upon indifference, by men hardened perhaps in some instances by personal character, certainly in all instances by official situation.
the principle on which these regulations were grounded
(I mean always subject to the restrictions above given) so much as the restrictions and the rewards
were not only had, at this time, not only been <add>been —</add> introduced into the Statute Book — introduced
by that means into whose men mean by practice —
but had been agitated, and (one may <add>in argument)</add> almost say) beat into every head at in the
Treasury in at both ears, by those discussions about the Slave
Trade, that year after year had been occupying and agitating
both Houses of Parliament: and the Act itself by which
the this principle was first introduced, has since been year after year been
not amended and enforced, by statute after statute. — What of
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panopticon versus new south wales |
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panopt. v. n. s. wales |
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jeremy bentham |
1800 |
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